206 ANTIQUITIES OF THE VERDE AND WALNUT CREEK ([28TH. Any. 28 
walled up, suggesting the former presence of an entrance from below, 
but the adjacent walls have fallen to so great an extent that its 
purpose is difficult to determine. Below the western wall, the curve 
of which is shown in the accompanying views (pls. 90, c; 91, 6), 
is a rude wall suggesting a cave-room, the other walls of which are 
obscurely indicated. 
Viewed from the north, almost entire walls are seen, the founda- 
tions of which at certain places are large projecting bowlders. (See 
pl. 91, a, b.) 
RUINS ON WALNUT CREEK 
Walnut Creek is a small stream the waters of which at times flow 
into the Chino, but which, on the occasion of the writer’s visit, were 
lost in the sands about 8 miles below old Camp Hualapai. In the 
report of Whipple’s reconnoissance the stream bears the name of 
Pueblo Creek, from certain ‘‘pueblos” on the hills overlooking it, 
which he described, but the name is no longer applied to it. The 
ruins of Walnut Creek are of two kinds, one situated on the low 
terrace bordering the creek, the other on the hilltops. The stream 
is formed by the junction of two branches and the valley is continuous 
from Aztec Pass to the point where it merges into Chino Valley. 
There is evidence that Walnut Valley had a considerable aboriginal 
population in prehistoric times. A number of forts and many remains 
of settlements strewn with pottery fragments and broken stone arti- 
facts were found. Here and there are mounds, also irrigation ditches 
and pictographs. 
A few years ago Walnut Valley had a number of white settlers 
and a post office,t but the families have now dwindled in number to 
three or four, and the place is characterized chiefly by abandoned 
houses. Camp Hualapai is deserted, the adobe houses shown in the 
accompanying illustration (pl. 92) being almost the only reminder 
of its former existence. 
HistroricaL Account 
Whipple was the first to mention the numerous ruins (‘‘pueblos”’ and 
forts) and other evidences of a former aboriginal population in Walnut 
Creek Valley. Subsequent to his visit no new observations on them 
appear in published accounts of the ruins of Arizona, and no arche- 
ologist seems to have paid attention to this interesting valley, a 
fact which gave the author new enthusiasm to visit the region and 
inspect its antiquities. These seemed of special interest, as Whip- 
ple’s account was inadequate as a means of determining their rela- 
tions with other aboriginal ruins in the Southwest. Who built the 
1 The post office was removed to Simmons, in Williamson Valley. 
