MICHELSON] ALGONQUIAN LINGUISTIC GROUPS 247 
intrans. ends in -wda, whereas Lacombe’s and Fort Totten Cree end 
in -u. It should be added that Lacombe in the forms for z—THEM 
an. and THEY an.—IT, THEM inan. gives variants which resemble the 
corresponding subjunctive (participial) ones in structure, as well as 
forms which agree with the Fort Totten correspondents. It need 
scarce be said that neither Lacombe nor Horden. distinguishes surd 
and sonant, nor ‘k from k, in his paradigms. 
The formation of a preterite with a suffix pun in both the indica- 
tive and the subjunctive is an important point of contact with Ojibwa 
(see the discussion of that language, p. 269). 
Another special point of contact with Peoria that should be noted 
is that the inanimate plural, nominative, ends in -a; yet notwith- 
standing these points of contact with Cree, Peoria (as will be shown 
later) belongs rather with Ojibwa. 
The dialectic variations as nina I, nira, niya, nida are well known 
and need no discussion. However, it should be mentioned that the 
so-called Cree of Rupert’s House ' is not Cree at all, but Montagnais. 
This the writer infers from a comparison of Doctor Sapir’s notes on 
the Cree of Rupert’s House with his notes on Montagnais, as well as 
with Lemoine’s Dictionnaire Frang¢ais-Montagnais (Boston, 1901). 
The following (taken from Sapir’s manuscripts) will illustrate the 
point under consideration: ma’skwats' BEARS, nika’mowats THEY 
SING, ts‘ inika/mgn' THOU SINGEST. (See the discussion of Montagnais 
below.) According to Skinner (loc. cit.), the Fort George Indians 
speak the same dialect as those at Rupert’s House. 
MONTAGNAIS 
As was stated above, excluding phonetic changes Montagnais is 
practically the same language as Cree. Some of the phonetic changes 
which Montagnais has suffered are: k (Cree k, Fox k) becomes tsh 
before 7 (Fox e and 7, Cree e), tshi- THOU (verbal), Fox ke-, Cree ke-, 
tshi- initial stem meaning completion, Fox ki[ci]-, Cree ke-; k (Cree k, 
Fox g) becomes ts before final 7 and e, even if these are lost, -uts 
(ending of animate pl. of nouns), Cree -wk, Fox -4g’, -uts (third person 
pl. animate, independent mode, intransitive), Cree -wuk, Fox -wag’, -ts 
(sign of locative singular animate), Cree -k, Fox -g‘, ~iats (first person 
pl. excl. intransitive, subjunctive mode), Cree -yak, Fox -yag¢; sk before 
2 becomes ss; Cree askiy LAND, Montagnais assi (Fox ak’); tsh[ijt (Fox 
k[e]t) becomes st, stuki THY EAR, as compared with utuki Hs EAR, tshiiu 
THY BODY, kutaui THY FATHER, staiamiau THOU PRAYEST, as compared 
with ntacamiau 1 PRAY; tlujk becomes ts before e, -tse (sign of the dubi- 
tative), Cree -toka, Fox -tuge; k[e]sh becomes tsh, tshiuelin THOU ART 
HUNGRY for ke+sh-; tc[i]k[t] becomes ts, -ats (subj. mode; third per- 
1 Skinner, Notes on the Eastern Cree and Northern Saulteaux, p. 11, New York, 1911. 
