70 
(e) Participate fully in the 1973 (IMCO) Conference on Marine Pollution and 
the UN Conference on the Law of the Sea scheduled to begin in 1973, as well as in 
regional efforts, with a view to bringing all significant sources of pollution within 
the marine environment, including radioactive pollution from nuclear surface ships 
and submarines, and in particular in enclosed and semi-enclosed seas, under ap- 
propriate controls and particularly to complete elimination of deliberate pollution 
by oil from ships, with a goal of achieving this by the middle of the present decade; 
(f) Strengthen national controls over land-based sources of marine pollution, in 
particular in enclosed and semi-enclosed seas, and recognize that, in some cireum- 
stances, the discharge of residual heat from nuclear and other power-stations may 
constitute a potential hazard to marine ecosystems. 
87. It is recommended that Governments: 
(a) Support national research and monitoring efforts that contribute to agreed 
international programmes for research and monitoring in the marine environment, 
in particular the Global Investigation of Pollution in the Marine Environment 
and the Integrated Global Ocean Station System. 
(b) Provide to the UN, FAO and UNCTAD, as appropriate to the data- 
gathering activities of each, statistics on the production and use of toxie or danger- 
ous substances that are potential marine pollutants, especially if they are persistent 
(c) Expand their support to components of the UN system concerned with 
research and monitoring in the marine environment and adopt the measures 
required to improve the constitutional, financial and operational basis under 
which the [OC is at present operating so as to make it an effective joint mechanism 
for the Governments and UN organizations concerned (UNESCO, FAO, WMO, 
IMCO, ESA) and in order that it may be able to take on additional responsibili- 
ties and co-ordination of scientific programmes and services. 
88. It ts recommended that the Secretary-General, together with the sponsoring 
agencies, make it possible for the Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects 
of Marine Pollution: 
(a) To re-examine annually, and revise as required, its ‘‘Review of Harmful 
Chemical Substances’’, with a view to elaborating further its assessment of sources, 
pathways and resulting risks of marine pollutants; 
(b) To assemble, having regard to other work in progress, scientific data and to 
provide advice on scientific aspects of marine pollution, especially those of an 
interdisciplinary nature. 
89. It is recommended that the Secretary-General ensure: 
(a) That mechanisms for combining world statistics on mining, production, 
processing, transport and use of potential marine pollutants shall be developed 
along with methods for identifying high-priority marine pollutants based in part 
on such data; 
(b) That the Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollu- 
tion, in consultation with other expert groups, propose guidelines for test pro- 
grammes to evaluate toxicity for potential marine pollutants; 
(c) That FAO, WHO, IOC and IAEA encourage studies of the effects of high- 
priority marine pollutants on man and other organisms with appropriate em- 
phasis on chronic, low-level exposures; 
(d) That IOC, with FAO and WHO explore the possibility of establishing an 
international institute for tropical marine studies, which would undertake train- 
ing as well as research. 
90. It is recommended that IOC, jointly with WMO and, as appropriate, in 
co-operation with other interested inter-governmental bodies promote the monitor- 
ing of marine pollution, preferably within the framework of the Integrated Global 
Ocean Station System, as well as the development of methods for monitoring 
high-priority marine pollutants in the water, sediments and organisms, with 
advice from the Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pol- 
lution on intercomparability of methodologies. 
91. It 1s recommended that IOC: 
(a) Ensure that provision shall be made in international marine research, 
monitoring and related activities for the exchange, dissemination, and referral to 
sources of data and information on baselines and on marine pollution and that 
attention shall be paid to the special needs of developing countries; 
(b) Give full consideration, with FAO, WMO, the IMCO, WHO, IAEA, IHO 
and ICES and other interested and relevant or ganizations, to the strengthening 
of on-going marine and related data and information exchange and dissemination 
activities; 
