BERGY BIT: (II.A.5.b. or I.A.4.f.)— A medium-sized fragment of 

 glacier ice, or heavy floe, or hummocky pack ice, washed clear of 

 snow and floating in the sea or aground. A typical bergy bit is about 

 the size of a small cottage. Cf. iceberg, growler. (Figs. 73, 99.) 



BESET: (V.A.) — Hemmed in, surrounded by ice from all quarters so 

 that control of the movements of a vessel is lost. Beset does not imply 

 the presence of ice under pressure. Cf . nipped, icebound. 



BIG CLEARING: (I.C.l.c.)— Polynya. 



BIGHT: (I.C.l.d.) — An extensive inward bend of an ice edge or of an 

 ice limit. Cf . bay. 



BIT: (I.A.2.a.) — A single fragment of brash, not to be confused with 

 bergy bit. 



BLACK AND WHITE ICEBERG: (II.A.5.a.)— An iceberg having a 

 dark, opaque portion containing sand and stones, and separated from 

 the white portion by a definite line of demarcation. See iceberg. 



BLACK ICE: (I.A.3.b.) — Transparent ice crust which reveals the color 

 of sea water beneath. Cf . ice crust, rotten ice, young ice. 



BLIND LEAD: (I.C.l.b.) — A lead with only one outlet, as a blind alley. 

 See water opening. (Fig. 64.) 



BLINK: (V.B.) — A glare on the underside of extensive cloud areas 

 created by light reflected from snow or ice covered surfaces; also 

 observable in a clear sky. Blink caused by ice surfaces is usually 

 yellowish-white in contrast to the whitish, brighter glare caused by snow 

 surfaces. This distinction is sometimes difficult to perceive. In contrast 

 to snowblink and iceblink, the sky is dark above bare land or open 

 water surfaces. See sky map. 



BLOCK: (I.A.2.b.) — A fragment of sea ice ranging in size from 6 to 30 

 feet across. Cf. floe. (Figs. 11, 13, 15, 22, 29, 33, 78, 88.) 



BLOCKY ICEBERG: (II.A.5.a.)— An iceberg with steep, precipitous 

 sides, and with either a horizontal or nearly horizontal upper surface. 

 Cf. tabular iceberg and tilted iceberg. See iceberg. (Fig. 91.) 



BLUE ICE: (II. A.)— The oldest and hardest form of glacier ice. It is 

 distinguished by a slightly bluish or greenish color. 



BORING: (V.A.) — Forcing a vessel under power through ice by breaking 

 a lead (Fig. 30). 



BOTTOM ICE: (I.B.l.d.)— Ice formed on the bed of a river, lake, or very 

 shallow sea irrespective of its nature of formation. Cf. fast ice. 



BRASH: (I.A.2.a.) — Small fragments of sea, lake, or river ice less than 

 6 feet across; the wreckage of other forms of ice. Cf. floe. (Figs. 11, 12, 

 15, 22, 68, 78, 88.) 



BRIDGE: (I.A.l.f.) — A light formation of snow or ice joining two 

 heavier formations. Cf. ramp, ice bridge. 



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