linear dimension used for describing the size of the individual ice 

 fragment refers to an approximation of the diameter. Size is usually 

 observed in feet or miles, whichever is more convenient or applicable. 

 The terms most generally used to describe ice fragments according to 

 increasing size are in order: Brash, block, small floe, medium floe, 

 giant floe, and ice field. 



SKIN: (I.A.3.b.) — The first film or crust of newly-formed ice. Skin 

 has some degree of hardness. 



SKY MAP: (V.B.) — A pattern on the underside of extensive cloud areas 

 created by the varying amounts of light reflected from the earth's surface. 

 Snow surfaces produce a white glare in the sky (snowblink) and ice 

 surfaces a yellowish-white glare (iceblink). Bare land and open 

 water reflect little or no light and for this reason the clouds above these 

 surfaces are relatively dark (land sky, water sky). 



SLACK ICE: (I. A. I.e.)— Broken ice. 



SLEET: 



(1) (V.B.) — Frozen or partly frozen rain in the form of particles of 

 clear ice (U.S. Weather Bureau definition). 



(2) (V.B.) — Snow and rain falling together (World Meteorological 

 Organization definition). 



SLEWING: (V.A.) — Forcing a ship through the ice by separating adjacent 



floes. 

 SLOB: (I.A.3.b.) — A dense form of sludge. Originally defined as being 



so dense as to impede the progress of sealing vessels. 

 SLUDGE: (I.A.3.b.) — An accumulation of small pieces of soft ice mixed 



with slush. Sludge has a slight degree of hardness and is, therefore, 



a type of ice crust. 

 SLUDGE CAKE: (I.A.3.b.) — Sludge hardened into a cake strong 



enough to bear the weight of a man. 

 SLUDGE FLOE: (I.A.3.b.)— Sludge cake. 

 SLUDGE LUMP: (I.A.3.b.) — An irregular mass of sludge formed as a 



result of strong winds. 

 SLUSH: (I.A.3.a.) — An accumulation of ice crystals which may or 



may not be slightly frozen together. Slush has no degree of hardness. 



See age (of ice). (Fig. 10.) 



SMALL FLOE: (I.A.2.C.)— A floe ranging in size from 30 to 600 feet 

 in diameter. See floe. (Figs. 11, 16, 17, 22, 68, 78, 88.) 



SNOUT: (II.A.2.b.) — The front or terminus of a valley glacier. 



SNOW: (V.B.) — A form of precipitation composed of ice crystals. When 

 atmospheric water vapor condenses at temperatures below 32°F. ice 

 crystals form and may fall to the ground as individual crystals, although 

 it is more usual for them to fall as snowflakes which are aggregations of 



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