MARINE TRANSPORTATION 



Marine Speed Gap: 30 to 200 knots not now covered. 



Ship Operating Problems: High cost of domestic construction; high 

 operating costs; trade route problems; regulation and cargo prefer- 

 ence; conferences, etc. 



Ship Building: Mixed Navy and Civilian construction sub-optimal. 



Merchant Marine: Underutilization of available technology; un- 

 attended power plants; unattended ships; design, coating, propul- 

 sion,, anti-fouling, routing to avoid weather. 



NEW VEHICLES 



Hydrofoil, air cushion, semi-submersibles. 



LIVING RESOURCES 



Fish location; preservation aboard harvesting vessel; processing in 

 general; aquaculture, contaminants. 



NON-LIVING RESOURCES 



Recovery of minerals from deep sea floor. 



ENVIRONMENTAL ENHANCEMENT 



Recreation, urbanization, power, coastal works, water resources. 



EXPLORATION AND SURVEYING 



Fish, fuels, bottoms, navigation, etc. 



CONSTRUCTION AND CIVIL WORKS 



Effects of the Ocean Environment on Construction 



Bottom Aspects: Littoral drift and mud slides; bottom scour; map- 

 ping and bathymetry, soil mechanics, geology, earthquakes. 



Air-Sea Interface: Wind-induced waves, tsunamis, sea-ice and ice- 

 bergs, tidal motions and storm surges, weather forecasting. 



Sea-Water Characteristics: Pressure effects, temperature; currents, 

 bioloo^ical effects, corrosion effects, overall environmental effects. 



Construction and Civil Works in the Ocean 



Systems Approach: Effect on the Environment 



Ports and Harbors: Future requirements, planning and design, port 

 authorities. 



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