The development of improved designs of multi-core cables, cable handling gear 

 and cable connectors for underwater use. These are particularly vulnerable in most 

 present systems, and there is much room for detailed improvement. 



Development of underwater demolition techniques. 



Field Reference 14 



MARINE ASPECTS OF PORTS PROBLEMS 



Recommended Topics 



Ship Movements 



Speed ranges of ships moving in restricted waterways. 

 Effect of shallow water on motions of ships. 

 Motion of ships in confined waterways. 

 Behaviour of small ships in a seaway. 



Development of equipment to determine bottom clearance of ships entering 

 harbours. 



'Berthing & Mooring 



The effect of hydrodynamic mass on berthing forces. 



Collation of information on berthing forces of large ships. 



Improved mooring systems. 



Study of mooring and anchoring equipment for large ships - new methods of 

 anchoring required. 



Offloading of large tankers either between ships, or at offshore station. 



Forces developed by anchoring systems and factors affecting them. 



Exploiting currents induced by air bubbles to assist in ship manoeuvring and 

 berthing. 



Dredging Siltation 



Dredging technology 



Control of density - induced siltation. 



Separation of river bed silt from water by mechanical processes. 



Investigations of materials for hopper barges, door sealing arrangements. 



Effect of estuary circulation on sedimentation. 



Field Reference 1 5 



HANDLING OF BULK MATERIALS 



Recommended Topics 



Manoeuvrability of trailing suction dredgers with one or two sidepipes in 

 different fore and aft locations. 



44 



