A study of the problems Involved in underwater navigation and position-fixing, 

 and the development of improved and more reliable methods, taking into account 

 various possibilities including inertial, acoustic and other systems. 



The development of automatic track-keeping systems, with special reference to 

 the avoidance of collisions at sea. 



The development of low-cost materials for Satnav to permit the facility for 

 continuous fixing. 



A study of bridge layout and the arrangement of navigational equipment and 

 displays on ergonomic lines, to improve ship control and safety. 



A study of the propagation characteristics of subsonic radiation in clear weather 

 and in fog leading to the development of efficient equipment for generating subsonic 

 sound, and also for its detection and sensing by direction and, if possible, distance. 



The development of an under-way draught gauge for large vessels. 



Surveying 



Development of a wide-band true-to-scale double-side sector-scan acoustic 

 system for bottom surveying. 



Development of a surveying system incorporating automatic chart reduction. 

 'Development of a reliable deep water tide gauge and recording/telemetering 

 system with the possibilities of developing an advance Information system to advise 

 approaching vessels of the tidal height. 



Field Reference 21 



UNDERWATER VIEWING, PHOTOGRAPHY AND OBJECT LOCATION 



See Field Reference 1 1 et seq. 



Field Reference 22 

 UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION 



See Field Reference 11 et seq. 



Field Reference 23 

 POLLUTION 



Recommended Topics 



'Handling bulk materials and pollution. 

 "Pollution near undersea structures. 

 'Effect of harbour construction on pollution. 

 Turbulent diffusion and marine effluent dispersal. 

 'Design of outfall pipes for sewage and heavy liquids, and their pollution pattern. 



49 



