A Reference List of the Birds of New Zealand. 415 



Genus MICROCARBO. 

 Microcarbo Bonaparte^ C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, vol. xliii. 

 1856, p. 577. 



Type (by original designation) : M. pygmaus (Gmelin). 



Microcarbo melanoleucos brevirostris (Gould). White - 

 throated Shag. 

 Phalacrocorax brevirostris Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. Load. 

 1837, p. 26: New Zealand. 



Synonyms : — 



Carbo Jlnvagula Peale, U.S. Expl. Exped., Birds, 1848, p. 270 : 



Bay of Islands, Xortli Island. 

 Phalacrocorax brevirostris, ])uller, Suppl. vol. ii. p. 42. 

 Phalacrocorax melanoleuciis id. ib. p. 44. [The type-locality of 



Hydrocorax mehmoleucos Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Xat. 



vol. viii. 1817, p. 88, is New South Wales.] 



Eange : — New Zealand (breeding). 



Genus xMESOCARBO, nov. 



Type : Carbo sulcirostris Brandt. 



The species of Mesocarbo differ from those of Hypoleucus 

 in their shorter and more slender bills, their longer tails and 

 more slender build : from those of Microcarho in their longer 

 and proportionately more slender bills as well as their 

 proportionately shorter tails. 



Mesocarbo ater purpuragula (Peale). Little Black Shag. 



Carbo purpura gula Peale, U.S. Expl. Exped., Birds, 1848, 

 p. 269 : Manua Bay, North Island. 



Synonym : — 



Phalacrocorax sulcirostris Buller, Suppl. vol. ii. p. 41. [The type- 

 locality of Carbo ater Lesson, Traite d'Oru. 1831, p. 604, is 

 Shark's Bay, West Australia, and of Carbo sulcirostris Brandt, 

 Bull. Sci. Acad. Imp. St. Petersb. vol. iii. 1837, p. 56, is New 

 South Wales.] 



Eange: — New Zealand (? North Island only), breeding. 



Note ; — The species and subspecies of New Zealand Shags 

 are not yet well differentiated, especially those belonging to 

 the genus Hypoleucus. Almost every island-breeding form 



