56.2 



Mr. W. R. Oo-ilvie-Grant on 



The higliland form 0. monachus appears to be a rather 

 larger bird tliaii the more southern O. m. permistus as is 

 shown by the following measurements, taken from a large 

 series of specimens. 



19. Oriolus monachus permistus. 



Oriolus meneliki Neumann (nee Blund. & Lovat), J. f. O. 



1903, p. 307. 



Oriolus monaclius permistus Neumann, Orn. Monatsb. 



1904, p. 115 ; id., J. f. O. 1905, p. 233. 



The fine series before us sliows very clearly the marked 

 differences between this darker southern Oriole and the more 

 northern form mentioned above. Specimens have been 

 examined from Gomma, Jinima, Kaffa, Baku, Kullo, and 

 Kambata, and are easily distinguished from O. monachus 

 (even those examples -with a marked black band across the 

 tail, such as in the type-specimen of 0. meneliki) by having 

 the subterminal black band across the four outer pairs of 

 tail-feathers wide and strongly marked and extending over 

 both w^ebs of the outermost pair. The yellow tips contrast 

 very sharply with the black subterminal portion, and are not 

 more than an inch in length ; whereas in the darkest-banded 

 examples of 0. monachus from the Managasha Forest and 

 from Harrar the yellow terminal portion of the outer pair 

 of tail-feathers is at least 1^ inches in length. 



O. m. permistus is more olive above than 0. monachus^ 

 the rump, though yellower than the back, is never bright 

 yellow as in the northern bird, and the black band across the 

 four outer pairs of tail-feathers is always wide and strongly 

 marked even on the outermost pair and is situated much 

 nearer the extremity. 



