218 SEA GRANT COLLEGES 



Do you think there should be matching provisions in this legislation 

 or not ? What woul cl be your view ? 



Dr. Eagotzkie. I think the institutions should display a tangible 

 commitment to a program in the marine sciences. By a tangible com- 

 mitment, however, I think one should include intellectual resources in 

 terms of professors who teach courses in marine sciences and who are 

 paid by State funds. Also space, facilities, lands on the coasts, and 

 this sort of thing should be considered a commitment. Furthermore, 

 a statement by the administration of the institution that they are be- 

 hind a program in the marine sciences should be considered tangible. 



I agree fully with Dean Spilhaus' reasoning on the idea of match- 

 ing dollars. It is sometimes difficult for the individual States, espe- 

 cially those in the center of our country, to defend dollar expenditures 

 for research programs on regions of the world ocean that do not appear 

 to offer any inmiediate benefits to the people of that State. 



Senator Pell. It might be even more difficult for private institu- 

 tions as opposed to State universities as well in this connection. 



Dr. RaCxOtzkie. It certainly would. 



Senator Pell. And I must add here that the term "sea grant col- 

 lege" could apply to a private institution. It does not necessarily mean 

 a State institution, which is the meaning and effect in the land-grant 

 college. 



Dr. Ragotzkie. Yes, sir. 



Senator Pell. Thank you very, very, very much indeed, and I am 

 so glad you have come from the Great Lakes area because the action 

 resultant from this bill will have fully as much effect and benefit, I 

 believe, in your part of the country as on the salt water area. Thank 

 you so much. 



Dr. Ragotzkie. Thank you very much. 



Senator Pell. I would like to direct a question if I could to the 

 father of the bill, which I neglected to do before. Dean Spilhaus, 

 and that is on the use of the term "oceanography," and the more I 

 have studied this legislation as a layman, the more I have come to the 

 conclusion that "oceanology" would perhaps be a better term. It is 

 used in more countries abroad n.ow, is being steadily used more, and 

 covers a wider field of knowledge, and I think it comes easier to the 

 tongue of the layman. What do you think ? 



STATEMENT OE BR. ATHELSTAN SPILHAUS, DEAN OF INSTITUTE 

 OE TECHNOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA— Resumed 



Dr. Spilhaus. Well, these are two considerations in semantics 

 which we are discussing now. Oceanography is difficult to pronounce. 

 Oceanology seems to be easier and that is an important consideration 

 to consider when we want to communicate with all people. 



Senator Pell. Particularly in this program which is for the practi- 

 cal application. 



Dr. Spilhaus. Right. And certainly oceanography although, of 

 course, the acceptance of the word is an important consideration and 

 oceanography in English-speaking countries has become accepted, 

 basically from the roots of the word it is not a veiy good word. Sup- 

 posing we called our living science biography. It is a little con- 

 fusing. We actually call it biology. 



