220 SEA GRANT COLLEGES 



I want to commend the dedication of yourself and your committee 

 in backing this bill. However, the terms of reference are a little 

 broad ancl there are some suggestions I would like to make to the 

 committee for some changes that I personally feel are essential. 



To begin with, I a,gree that we do need the extension sei-vices as 

 well as the basic and applied research. The idea of having a sea 

 grant university in every State in contact with the fishermen is sadly 

 needed. 



Over the last 30 years our fisheries have not advanced. Fisheries 

 in other countries, such as Japan, have made tremendous strides, 

 similar to what has happened in agriculture where they have had their 

 land-grant-college system. 



In Japan they have fishery education, research, and extension serv- 

 ices at all levels and in all the prefectures. We need a similiar type of 

 thing, as you have indicated in this bill. However, the bill as now 

 worded permits this money to be given to groups of individuals, in- 

 dustries, corporatons, foundations, museums, and so forth, which 

 somewhat belies the title of the bill, wliich is a sea grant college bill. 



Also I would like to address the attention of the committee to the 

 idea that at least a good part of these funds should be used for insti- 

 tutional support, rather than the project type of support, which I feel 

 greatly weakens the university's participation. I feel that what we 

 need is continuous support, even if it is at a low level, so- that the 

 universities can have a hard core of teachers, scientists, and extension 

 service people working continuously. 



It is very difficult to carry on any kind of continuous and worthwhile 

 program on fluctuating funds. If a few of these small changes I have 

 indicated could be made in this bill, I would be willing to vigorously . 

 support, it. As it now stands, I am afraid I would have to oppose it, 

 sir. 



Senator Pell. You feel because it doesn't have enough of an em- 

 phasis on this practical relationship to the fisherman. 



Dr. RouNSEFELL. Well, no. I agree with the practical relationship 

 to fishermen. I believe we have to have basic science, applied science, 

 and extension all working together as a team. 



Senator Pell. Good. 



Dr. Roitnsefell. I do think that we have enough knowledge to 

 start this exploration of the sea but we also have to continue a certain 

 level of basic science or our information will dry up ancl in the long 

 run we will suffer. I do believe in the extension service and T think 

 we have got to do it, and it has to be done at the State level, the same 

 as was done with the land-grant colleges. You see, I disagree with 

 the idea that all these funds should be put in a few institutions who 

 are now competent in certain types of oceanographic research, especi- 

 ally deep sea research, which is exceedingly expensive. 



At a very small fraction of the cost you can do a fine piece of work 

 in mariculture, hi the estuaries. A quarter of all our fish landed comes 

 from between Port Arthur, Tex., and Pensacola, Fla., yet there is no 

 provision to help our fishermen in an area such as this. We are very 

 much in favor of having this bill, sir. But we would hope that it 

 would be so amended that a portion at least of these funds would be put 

 into continuing support of a sea grant college in every State. And 

 I would not oppose having them in inland States because inland 

 States can share seacoast facilities with a seacoast State. 



