62 THE NAVY OCEANOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS PROGRAM 



craft and is supplemented by additional charts of various scales to 

 provide coverage for special Navy missions. 



At the beginning of World War II, the first hyperbolic line-of- 

 position electronic navigation system, Loran A, was developed and 

 implemented, and the VL30 series of charts, among others, was 

 produced for air and surface use throughout the world. Since 

 then, new charts have been developed and produced to keep abreast 

 of the requirements generated by both expanded Loran coverage 



and implementation of such new navigational systems as Loran C 

 and Omega. 



Air navigation charts are also produced to support special 

 projects, such as Operation "Deep Freeze". The Naval Oceano- 

 graphic Office has also responded to the unique needs of Naval 

 aviation activities through its production of special charts for 

 training, search and rescue, and special operations. In addition 

 to producing new charts as required, the Oceanographic Office 

 maintains, and has on general issue, some 500 different aeronautical 

 charts in carrying out its mission in support of Naval aviation 

 and the overall Department of Defense mapping and charting 

 program. Approximately one-fourth of these charts provide 

 Loran rate information for Loran navigation by both air and 

 marine users. Nearly all Navy aeronautical charts are on sale to 

 the general public. 



FLIGHT INFORMATION AND PUBLICATIONS 



An additional major area of responsibility in support of Naval 

 aviation is that of furnishing Navy flight information and 

 air intelligence data for incorporation in Navy and Department of 

 Defense publications. These publications provide essential flight 

 information for planning, enroute, and terminal phases of Navy, 

 Army, and Air Force air operations. The Navy prepares aircraft 

 instrument approach procedure charts, portraying the flight ma- 

 neuvers and related procedures required for approach and landing 

 under instrument weather conditions at all Navy, Marine Corps, 

 and Coast Guard air activities. A comparable service is provided 

 for aircraft instrument departure procedures. Information 

 pertaining to the flight operational capability of Naval and Marine 



