36 MARINE SCIENCE 
the Budget and the Departments of the Interior and Commerce have 
had very modest success to date. 
I should like to point out, for example, that the Bureau of Com- 
mercial Fisheries is by no means in the status of a Federal bureau 
as provided by law. ‘They do not have a separate budget of their own 
to defend. They are in the Bureau of the Fish and Wildlife and in 
the status actually of a division, and both their budgets meld together 
before they run into the Bureau of Indian Affairs, for instance. 
I will also predict that once again the Bureau of the Budget will 
force the departmental witnesses on S. 901 to testify that the bill is 
not necessary and that Senators and Congressmen will take great de- 
light in crucifying each of these witnesses when both they and the 
witnesses know that the opposition stems not from the witnesses, who 
want the bill passed, but from the budget officers who do not. 
I don’t want to comment on the details of the bill, Senator. We 
favor it. Details have been worked out with great care by yourself 
and your staff. It isan excellent bill. I only want to highlight what 
the two previous witnesses said on this matter of training oceanog- 
raphers which is now provided for adequately in| the bill, which 1s 
one of critical importance. You can’t get the work done without the 
trained scientists. 
We are interested primarily in three areas of the ocean. It will 
be my purpose below to treat briefly of those interests in three seg- 
ments of the world ocean by way of example. These are: (1) The 
eastern Pacific between 30° north latitude, 20° south latitude, 140° 
west longitude and the western coasts of the Americas; (2) the Cali- 
fornia Current area off the west coast of the continental United 
States to a distance of about 1,000 miles from shore; and (3) the 
eastern Atlantic from 20° north latitude to 10° south latitude and 
to a distance of about 1,000 miles from the African coast. Before 
doing so I wish to make some general comments on the bill. 
The reason we are interested in that is that we know there are 
enormous quantities of skipjack in the area. It is as big as the map 
of the United States. We know there are a lot of skipjack there. 
We don’t know how to get them economically enough at present prices 
to make a living at it. At the same time our expanding fisheries are 
bringing pressure on the yellow fin, and we know we have regula- 
tions coming in a little while. So the sensible thing to do is divert our 
fishing effort over from the yellow fin stock over to the skipjack 
stock in the area and increase the harvest from sea. We can’t do it 
without further oceanographic information so that the fishermen 
will have knowledge of within 100 or 200 miles of where to go to 
look for the fish. 
We have been 7 years trying to get that program started because 
we knew what the necessities were going to be 7 years hence. We 
are now coming to the point where we need the information and the 
work has not been any more than briefly started. Every time that 
we have tried to get money—and I may remark that you have helped 
us on every occasion—somehow or other the money disappears be- 
fore it is appropriated. 
It is hard to get the modest appropriations we require. We are 
after only $300,000 in that area, and that is a small amount of money 
as people can’t seem to realize. 
