MARINE SCIENCE 61 
2.0.2.7 Hstimate from available data the probable population size, stability, 
and distribution of the ecologically important pelagic fishes including hake, jack 
mackerel, anchovy, saury, squid, and elasmobranchs.—This should be carried out 
by biologists associated with the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, La Jolla 
Laboratory, and the California Fish and Game, Terminal Island Laboratory. 
These biologists should examine fecundity, egg larvae data, and the juvenile and 
adult fish data, and.the literature to obtain these estimates. Some travel and 
assistance will probaby be needed. 
California Fish and Game-Bureau of Commercial Fisheries (2 years) 
COT QU oon Set a ee ee eM 
2.0.2.8 Hlucidate the probable interrelation of these ecologically important 
pelagic species with preferred sport and commercial species —The same biologists 
as under project 2.0.2.7 should examine this problem from existing data on 
food, considering larval, juvenile, and adult relationships. 
California Fish and Game-Bureau of Commercial Fisheries (2 years) 
SUNUTATT AMM COS teem SED TES a LL ce ie 2S ad Ah EN $10, 000 
3.0.0.0 Capital expenditures 
These are capital expenditures not closely related to any particular project. 
3.0.0.1 Oceanographic research vessel.—It will become increasingly difficult 
for marine life research to obtain one of the larger Scripps vessels for long 
periods of time. This is due to increased activities in oceanographic research in 
the ocean far from California. The Navy and the National Science Foundation 
are rapidly increasing their funds for ocean research into such areas as the 
Indian and Arctic Oceans. Thus a special CALCOFI research vessel may 
become necessary for full realization of the research. 
The ship would be used for many types of research as listed below: 
. Monitoring oceanographic conditions ; 
. Anchoring and maintaining instrument skiffs ; 
Midwater trawling; 
. Launching and recovering deep free instruments ; 
. Testing new net designs and other equipment ; 
Spawning studies ; 
. Schooling studies ; 
. Physical and biological boundary conditions ; and 
. Direct surface and subsurface current measurements. 
A ship for CALCOFI research can probably be obtained through educational 
surplus for a fee of approximately $500. The largest expense would be for 
conversion to Coast Guard specifications and for research use. 
It it desirable that the vessel have an adequate laboratory but not extremely 
large and have bunking space for 12 scientists. 
There will have to be a winch large enough to ‘handle midwater trawls, and 
for the mooring of skiffs, but not as large as necessary for very deep, heavy 
coring requirements. Also an A-frame will be necessary to handle the equipment 
that is lifted and operated over the stern. 
This ship should be outfitted with excellent navigational aids. It should have 
the best commercial radar, preferably with an A-scope read-out and two antennas 
at different heights to make the radar useful at close ranges. Also important 
equipment is two read-out lorans, a sonar (perhaps British type of mine hunting 
sonar). 
Two underwater observation ports would be valuable for the marine biologist.’ 
AS ORIVEE EGET UCOS Hore. eae enai ge ce Supe. Me Ants ec wenge ee OUEST aT AR Sh $400, 000 
3.0.0.2 Underwater camera.—tin the past few years, underwater photography 
has greatly improved. It has become possible to photograph life in the sea from 
the near surface to the deepest depth. With photographic records, biologists, 
geologists, and others can rapidly and with greater ease resolve some of the 
problems of the oceans. 
The CALCOFI program could benefit from the use of a good underwater cam- 
era such as developed by Harold T. Edgerton. It could be used to photograph the 
areas of spawning sardines and other pelagic fish. So far, it has not been con- 
sistently possible to collect spawning sardines very far from the coast. At any 
rate, collecting can scarcely reveal much about the spawning associations of 
sardines and it may be profitable to obtain underwater photographs in spawning 
areas in an attempt to ascertain if the fish spawn in a school or as widely sepa- 
DON RDOP WON HE 
