134 MARINE SCIENCE 
tional economy, our international prestige, nutrition and public 
health problems, and our commercial interest, it becomes apparent 
that there is an urgent need for a comprehensive program of oceano- 
graphic research which will rebound to the benefit of all our citizens. 
For these reasons, the National Canners Association supports the 
objectives of S. 901 and urges its enactment by the Congress. 
Senator, I would like to add one further comment with respect 
to the Russian incursion into the North Pacific, about which Alaska 
and the Pacific Northwest are deeply concerned. I think it should be 
a matter of record that the Soviet Union today has operating in the 
eastern Bering Sea, close to the shores of Alaska, a large fishing 
fleet composed of 3 to 4 factory ships, 15 to 20 large refrigerator ships, 
60 to 90 trawlers, all serviced out of the Soviet Union by tankers and 
cargo ships, a flotilla fishing right off our shores. 
This fleet is there. They have the knowledge of our oceanography, 
of our currents, of where our fish are located. We in the Commis- 
sion are well aware of the fact that this is an expanding movement 
on the part of the Russians; that they do not intend solely to stay 
in that area but that they are coming south of the Aleutians. We ex- 
pect they will follow down the shores of Alaska, past Kodiak Island, 
and a month ago, when I spoke to the joint session of the Alaska 
Legislature I expressed to them my deep concern about it, and Gov- 
ernor Kegan and the legislators there all felt that it was a very, very 
serious matter. I think it does point up the need for an intensified 
program on the part of the U.S. Government in learning more about 
the ocean floor, the effects of the ocean on the fish, and where the fish 
are located. When I say our fish, I mean this: that we think the fish 
that are spawned and nurtured in the shores of our own country, 
even though they go to the sea, still are the product of our own fisher- 
men, our own people, and that we should be entitled to their return 
in the harvest crop. 
The Carman. And we don’t know whether they are practicing 
conservation or not. 
Mr. Broopinc. We have no indication of what they are doing, other 
than that the fleet is almost visible from shore, and it is operating in 
avery, very substantial way. 
The Cuarrman. Thank you, Mr. Brooding. 
Mr. Brooprne. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. 
The Cuairman. Dr. Ray, we have kept you waiting a long time 
rere. 
STATEMENT OF DR. DIXY LEE RAY, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AT 
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON, SPECIAL CONSULTANT IN BIO- 
LOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY FOR THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDA- 
TION 
Dr. Ray. My name is Dixy Lee Ray. I am associate professor of 
zoology at the University of Washington. At the present time I am 
on leave from my university to serve as a special consultant in biologi- 
cal oceanography for the National Science Foundation. 
It is a pleasure as well as a privilege to be here today—and yester- 
day, too—as one of the members of the NAS-NRC Committee on 
Oceanography to discuss particular phases of research that could 
be part of a national program in the marine sciences. 
