144 MARINE SCIENCE 
then I feel in a reasonable period of ‘time we can extract from the 
ocean, which contains such a tremendous number of unknown quan: 
tities, we can extract thousands upon thousands of nutrients, new 
basic facts and fundamental principles underlying this tremendous 
body. 
ders time you go to the ocean and somebody dunks and you take 
a drink of water, you would be surprised at the number of organisms 
that you take in. They are fantastic. In shape, they are beautiful. 
They have a beauty which is all their own. :; 
There is one thing I would like to mention here. I noticed in the 
various parts of the bill you say, for example, no more than $10 mil- 
lion per annum or so much per annum. If we started today to get 
these students, coerce them into marine biology, make it so attractive 
to them that we build our forces, you can see that 6 years from now 
the NSF or Public Health Service—we hope the Department of Ma- 
rine Sciences—would have enough good research applications to spend 
more than the sum that they potentially could spend the first year. 
Something will suffer, and it will be the people that we are supporting 
now in the graduate program about 6 years from now are going to 
mature, and we can say, “All right, now, you have worked in a little 
area; here is your problem. Apply for your support, and develop this 
area. Go to it. Get lost in it. Find out what we want to know.” 
I have heard today of the tremendous international implications. 
There is another point. Is it possible we can use the counterpart 
funds? 
The CuamrMan. Yes, it is possible. 
Dr. McLaucuuin. If we are going to raise these research scientists 
in our own laboratories, we know there is a lack of marine orientated 
people. They are biologists and we are trying to get them into the 
marine field, get their feet wet in the ocean. But England, Norway, 
Sweden, Japan, and so on, all of these places have had a tradition— 
Plymouth Laboratories—in marine biology. If we take the graduate 
student who has been in the school for 3 years and say, ““Now we want 
you to go to England, pick up the information you can there, learn 
from them, their techniques, and come back and improve our system,” 
this, I think, would be of great help to us. 
The CuarrmMan. That is a good suggestion. We can use counter- 
part funds. 
Dr. McLaveuuin. That is wonderful. 
The Cuarrman. I appreciate your enthusiasm. When the bill is 
on the Senate floor I wish you could get up and make the speech. 
I think you will convince everybody that you are a good scientist 
because you want to know why. 
Dr. McLaveututn. I don’t know about that, sir. 
The Cuairman. Thank you very much. 
Dr. McLaveuun. Thank you, sir. 
The Cuarrman. Dr. Fleming, professor of oceanography and exec- 
utive officer of the department of oceanography, University of Wash- 
ington. 
