MARINE SCIENCE 175 
fisheries, the departments of botany, zoology, and microbiology and in other units 
of the university. The University of Washington has trained a substantial pro- 
portion of the specialists who now occupy positions of responsibility in the goy- 
ernmental and industrial agencies concerned with basic and applied research in 
the fields of marine sciences and with management of resources relating to the 
ocean. As is indicated by the testimony of Professor Fleming and others, the 
university sees a real need to expand substantially the number of qualified 
persons who complete university training in the fields of oceanography and 
marine sciences. 
Also of major importance is the responsibility of the university to carry for- 
ward basic research through the activities of members of the faculty and their 
graduate students. Vigorous research programs are now proceeding in all of the 
units of the university concerned with the marine sciences. By such research, 
students are challenged and trained in the critical and disciplined atmosphere of 
a university. New knowledge is obtained from such faculty and graduate student 
research which is of general interest to people of the State and of the Nation. 
An additional responsibility is that of public service provided in the contribu- 
tions of the several special research laboratories associated with the university, 
and especially those laboratories engaged in research relating to national de- 
fense. As emphasized in the November 15, 1960, statement of the President’s 
Science Advisory Committee under the title ‘Scientific Progress, the Universities 
and the Federal Government,” it is of particular importance that research pro- 
grams in the basic sciences be carried out in association with universities. The 
University of Washington has already had wide experience in maintaining and 
sponsoring such laboratories and believes that further development of this type 
of facility is needed in the fields of oceanography and marine sciences. 
To move forward in teaching, research, and service, the university finds that 
substantial problems lie before it. The passage of Senate bill 901 would ap- 
parently provide for assistance to the University of Washington and other uni- 
versities in carrying forward programs in the academic tradition, as well as those 
of urgency in the public interest and national defense. Some specific types of 
assistance which are needed and which would apparently be provided by the 
authority and arrangements in Senate bill 901 will now be mentioned. 
The need is great for additional scientists and technologists highly trained in 
the marine sciences. Therefore, it seems particularly important to provide ar- 
rangements for fellowships and assistantships to graduate students engaged in 
programs of study and research leading toward advanced degrees. 
To carry forward an expanded program of teaching and research in oceanog- 
raphy and the marine sciences, expansion is needed in the number of faculty in 
these fields, and in financial support for these men. The universities are hard 
put now to provide for the needed increases in faculty personnel, 
The need is equally great for physical facilities for teaching and research. Aft 
the University of Washington, laboratory space suitable for work in many of 
the marine sciences is now almost completely filled. Additional facilities, in- 
cluding buildings, laboratories, libraries, conference rooms, and offices, are 
needed. 
Teaching and research activities relating to the ocean also require ships of 
specialized design, docks, wharves, and service facilities. Shore-based labora- 
tories must be available to assist in the servicing of teaching and research ships, 
as well a to maintain vigorous and independent research programs. aN 
The modest funds available to the university cannot provide these costly activi- 
ties and facilities. The basic source of financial support of the University of 
Washington is, of course, provided by the State of Washington. Over the years, 
the State has financed the development of oceanography and marine sciences to 
the present very substantial level which now prevails. It is anticipated that 
this State support for the teaching and research programs will be maintained 
and, insofar as circumstances permit, expanded. , 
However, the substance of Senate bill 901 stresses the national significance of 
oceanography and the marine sciences so that it seems appropriate for the 
university to look to the National Government as well as the State government 
to provide funds for support of oceanography and marine sciences. ti 5 
Therefore, because of both need and appropriateness, I am glad to write this 
letter outlining the role and needs of oceanography and marine sciences at the 
University of Washington and to indicate to you and your colleagues our favor- 
able view of Senate bill 901. 
Yours very sincerely 
y JosepH L. McCarrury, 
Dean, Graduate School. 
