198 NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM LEGISLATION 



Mr. Rogers. Well, the National Science Foundation, I suppose, does 

 research in everything. It is supposed to, isn't it ? 



Dr. HoLLOMON. That is right. 



Mr. Rogers. So this is not for any one particular agency at all ? 



Dr. HoLLOMON. That is correct. That is the distinction I was trying 

 to make. 



Mr. Rogers. Now, the distinction I am trying to make is that we are 

 trying to concentrate on one area. 



Dr. HoLLOMON. Right. 



Mr. Rogers. Like we did in space, with NASA; like we have in 

 Atomic Energy, with that ; and like we have in weather in the Weather 

 Bureau. 



Dr. HoLLOMON. Let's go to that issue for a moment. I really think 

 it would be a mistake, as I have tried to point out, to take all the ac- 

 tivities that had to do with oceanography away from the mission- 

 oriented agencies and put it in one place. The reason I think it is a 

 mistake is because many agencies of the Government need to have 

 oceanographic competence in order to do their job. 



Now, the same thing is true about meteorology, and there has been 

 a lot of concern about the fragmentation of meteorology. The Federal 

 Aviation Administration, for example, needs to have special meteor- 

 ological activities for flying airplanes. I think they should make the 

 choices. For those unique needs that they have, they carry out re- 

 search and development and operations. What we have in the weather 

 system, I think, is very analogous to what I believe we ought to have 

 in oceanography. We have a central agency that provides the core 

 service, the core. 



Mr. Rogers, A central agency ? 



Dr. HoLLOMON. Yes. 



Mr. Rogers. Do you have a head of that agency ? 



Dr. HoLLOMON. Yes. 



Mr. Rogers. Can he make decisions ? 



Dr. HoLLOMON. With respect to the core service. 



Mr. Rogers. To the core service. 



Dr. HoLLOMON. Right. And that is exactly what I am suggesting 

 here, there be two core services. 



Mr. Rogers. Right. 



Dr. HoLLOMON. Now, each agency has very specialized requirements, 

 very special to those agencies. In meteorology, we have specialized re- 

 quirements for the military, specialized requirements for aviation, 

 specialized requirements for pollution, specialized requirements for 

 agriculture, and each of those agencies funds and directs its program. 

 But they do not provide support for the central core work. 



Mr. Rogers. I thought you just had a reorganization of the Weather 

 Bureau and the Coast and Geodetic Survey. 



Dr. HoLLOMON. We did, sir. 



Mr. Rogers. Well, now, why do you keep them fragmented? 



Dr. HoLLOMON. The reason here is a different reason. In the case 

 of the atmosphere and the environment, you have the following sit- 

 uation. Up here at the top, we have a thing above about 100,000 feet, 

 and on out to the sun, which we call aeronomy. 



Mr. Rogers. Space gets into that one. 



Dr. HoLLOMON. Yes. 



