338 NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM LEGISLATION 



Dr. Krause is here. Could you make a couple of remarks relating 

 to that ? He is from the Public Health Service. 



Dr. Krause. Mr. Chairman, interest in the Great Lakes certainly 

 that we have from the water pollution control point of view is that 

 of a disposal area and the effects upon tJie Great Lakes as a disposal 

 area for the residues of man's endeavors and its effects on health, 

 fisheries, navigation, water uses for industry, and any other use — 

 recreation — all of these things are, of course, of paramount importance. 



This is a very large body of fresh water, and it is imperative that 

 tlie knowledge is available to know what the ultimate fate of the mate- 

 rials commonly known as pollutants are when they enter these bodies 

 of water. 



For this reason it is necessary to know what the circulation patterns, 

 what the biology and chemistry of the Great Lakes system is, and this, 

 of course, is the reason why a rather substantial program has been 

 inaugurated in an attempt to find out some of this basic information in 

 the Great Lakes system. 



Mr. Ashley, Mr. Chairman, I have just a final question or two. I 

 believe, Mr. Secretary, that Mr. Abel is seated next to you. 



Dr. Morse. Yes. 



Mr. AsHLET. And I have in front of me a document prepared by Mr. 

 Abe] in June of 1963, "Aquatic Sciences in the Great Lakes Area." 



The second paragraph in this introduction reads : 



Increasing national and regional interest in the Great Lakes as one of our 

 greatest natural resources has brought to the attention of Federal, State, and 

 local authorities the urgency for an upgrading in research programs pertinent 

 to the area. 



Tliere is an additional paragraph in which Mr. Abel states it is the 

 purpose of this report to tabulate studies in aquatic sciences being 

 prosecuted under Federal sponsorship for participating in this area. 



That was in June of 1963. 



I would like to ask Mr. Abel if he can tell us what has happened, 

 particularly with respect to Federal activity in the research area hav- 

 ing to do with the Great Lakes since that time. 



Mr. Abel. That particular statement, Mr. Ashley, was taken from 

 a report of the LTnited States-Canadian International Joint Commis- 

 sion. 



As you say, that report and the statement is now 2 years old. We 

 liave with us the individual reports for this past year of the Bureau of 

 Commercial Fisheries Laboratories, the Public Health Service, and a 

 number of other laboratories who have been engaged in work up in 

 that area sponsored separately by 11 Federal agencies. 



In most cases it is recognizable from the reports themselves, and in 

 some cases with the budget figures attached, that there is a considerable 

 increase and effort by these agencies through their in-house labora- 

 tories or through privately sponsored university laboratories. 



I think Dr. Krause can comment for the Public Health Service 

 with — I think they have increased their own efforts in this area. 



Mr. Ashley. Is there an increase in this area for coordination ? 



Dr. Morse. Not in this sense, we have several instances of coopera- 

 tion — ^with the Coast Guard, National Science Foundation, and Office 

 of Naval Research sponsored laboratories have worked together. 



