NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGRAM LEGISLATION 363 



But ocean science does require a greater effort by the Federal (jrov- 

 ernment than is now beinji; exerted. I advocate a strong interagency 

 body with executive powers to stimuhite and direct a national ocean 

 science effort that will open the way for the natural forces in the 

 economy to move ahead with the creation of a comprehensive ocean 

 technology. 



That these forces will cause the economy to move ahead is self- 

 evident, considering that there is already a large commitment based on 

 unsettled scientific grounds. 



The organization established by the Congress should be prepared 

 to support existing scientific investigations taking place at our leading 

 oceanogra])hic institutions. It should analyze the gaps in the existing 

 program and initiate programs to fill these gaps. When industry is 

 unwilling or incapable, it should be prepared to perform limited ap- 

 plication engineering when this is a clear requirement. 



That the translation of effort from Federal scientific program 

 to working industrial technology would be a rapid one seems obvious to 

 those of us in industry who are prepared to make major investments. 

 We are already well along and show a clear pattern of growth in ocean 

 technology. 



Federal action of the nature I have suggested would unlock the safe 

 and multiply the degree of industrial involvement in and commitment 

 to the world ocean and its resources as a principal economic activity 

 in the United States. 



Mr. Lennon. Thank you, Mr. Clotworthy. 



Mr. Casey '^ 



Mr. Casey. Mr. Clotworthy, you state that you do not believe we 

 need an organization such as NASA. 



What do you advocate? Do you think we need any legislation at 

 all ? Do you propose a further Federal effort ? 



Mr. Clotworthy. Yes, sir ; I believe we do need legislation. 



Let me try to frame this answer from a businessman's point of view 

 for lack of a better definition at this time. If we wish to accomplish 

 a particular goal, the general course of the events is to establish an 

 organization which has a clear charter, which has the executive au- 

 thority, and which has the competent people to guide it. 



We tell them what we want to accomplish and they proceed with 

 the task. There are certain factors associated with the accomplish- 

 ment of goals that are so basic a part of the equation and so basic 

 a determining factor in success that they cannot be argued, and I 

 think most simply they are stated as responsibility and authority 

 met within the organization. 



I believe there is a need for Federal legislation which provides an 

 executive body that has both the responsibility and the authority to 

 accomplish the goals. 



I feel that the present method of operation through the ICO, while 

 it has been effective for many years, and is doing a superlative job, 

 is not capable of mounting the effort, taking the steps to achieve spe- 

 cific national goals. 



I think we have a general understanding of the direction in which 

 we should go, what our national goals should be, though maybe they 

 have not been codified; but I do believe that a coordinating agency 

 as opposed to an executive agency is not the way to get there. 



