NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC PROGHAM LEGISLATION 419 



African Regional Fishery Commission, and the Southwest Atlantic Fishery 

 Commission. 



The United States is a member of 8 intergovernmental fisheries commissions 

 involving over 20 other governments but outside the United Nations family. 

 These commissions do much ocean research of all sorts. They operate in the 

 North Pncific, the eastern tropical Pacific, the Caribbean, the Great Lakes, the 

 Northwest Atlantic and (in the case of the whaling commission) worldwide. 



The International Atomic Energy Agency (headquarters, Vienna; marine la- 

 boratory, Monaco) does a good deal of ocean research, particularly m the 

 Mediterranean. 



The International Maritime Consultative Organization (headquarters, Lon- 

 don) deals with merchant marine matters and has responsibility in the United 

 Nations family respecting certain types of ocean pollution. 



The North Atlantic Treaty Organization does much ocean research in the 

 North Atlantic, adjacent seas, Mediterranean, Black Sea, a substantial amount 

 of which is funded by the U.S. Navy's Office of Naval Research. 



The Alliance for Progress, largely funded by the United States, makes loans 

 to fishery cooperatives in Latin America and does other things to support fishery 

 development. 



The International Bank for Resource Development makes loans for fishery 

 development, fishery harbor development, fishery vessel construction, etc., on a 

 worldwide basis. 



The International Council of Scientific Unions has three prime activities deal- 

 ing with ocean resarch and/or fishery research : 



(1) The Scientific Committee on Ocean Research, which is the official oceanog- 

 raphy advisory body to IOC of UNESCO ; 



(2) The Special Committee on Antarctic Research which investigates the 

 ocean and resources of Antartica, and 



(3) The international biological program, whose marine program is of world- 

 wade scope. 



The U.S. Navy Office of Naval Research supports much ocean research in a 

 number of allied countries on pretty much a worldwide basis. 



The Bureau of Commercial Fisheries funds supports fishery research in 

 Israel, Poland, and India, acts for USAID from time to time in West Africa 

 and Latin America, has important investigations of its own oft Western 

 Latin America, the North Pacific (in relation particularly with Canada, Russia, 

 and Japan), in the Central Pacific (in relation particularly with trust terri- 

 tory government, American Samoa, and southeast Asian countries), in the 

 tropical Atlantic, in the northwest Atlantic, and under contract with FAO in the 

 Caribbean. 



The European Economic Community conducts important fishery development 

 actvities including ocean research in the West African area particularly and 

 separate countries of Europe have bilateral fishery development and ocean 

 research programs with countries in Africa, Latin America, and Asia. 



Aside from these 15 entities or groups of agencies dealing with ocean re- 

 search or fishery development, most of them substantially supported in one 

 way or another by U.S. funds (and I have probably overlooked several), in 

 the devoloping world there are others dealing with fishery aspects of the 

 protein malnutrition problem such as the freedom from hunger campaign of 

 FAO, the food for peace program of the White Holise, the World Health Orga- 

 nization, the United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund, the 

 Nutrition Division of FAO, the National Institute of Health, the Department 

 of Agriculture, and some others. 



The point that is made here is not (although it is true) that there are a great 

 many international agencies dealing with various aspects of ocean and fisheries 

 activities, most of them substantially supported by the United States and with- 

 out crosslines of communications that hold them together or permit joint plan- 

 ning, but that there is no mechanism within the U.S. Government that provides 

 for a correlation of all, or even most, of these related activities with U.S. 

 objectives either in ocean research, fishery development or protein malnutrition 

 prttblems. There is little ^^•onder that modest progress is made. Examples 

 could be given the committee of the serious interactions that result among 

 agencies and entities in the prosecution of such w^ork, and the confusion that 

 often results in the country that is the recipient of the "assistance."' 



