592 NATIONAL OCEt^OGRAPHIC PROGRAM LEGISLATION 



More biographical information on Lieutenant Commander Walsh can be found 

 in the current International Who's Who and in the junior chamber of commerce 

 publication "Outstanding Young Men of America." 



Mr. Casey. Commander, again, I want to express my appreciation, 

 of course, you could tell you were interested in the political aspects 

 when you were talking about the sovereignty of the ocean; I hope 

 sometime you will have an opportunity to observe as I did, one session 

 and see that you really get into politics when you try to get all these 

 countries to agree on territorial waters, fishing waters, and what have 

 yon. 



The fact that we have had one agreement so far which as I under- 

 stand it gives the minerals to anyone who has the capacity to recover 

 them, but we are still in doubt as to what is above the actual laws or — 

 there is no agreement, from the floor of the ocean on up. 



It is a fascinating study and the more you get into it the more inter- 

 ested you are going to be. 



Commander Walsh. Yes, sir; I would like to interject at this time, 

 I think perhaps the American people are not aware of the fact that as 

 of June 1964, when the convention on the Continental Shelf came into 

 force, as a force of international law, that the United States gained 

 sovereignty over an area of the Continental Shelf about equivalent to 

 three times the size of France. 



A major territorial acquisition for our country, and of course, this is 

 why it is so important that we now assess its value and worth. 



Mr. Casey. The man on the street thinks that 3 miles of the terri- 

 torial waters is all. They have to realize that territorial waters is 

 whatever that particular country thinks it can get away with. 



Commander Walsh. That is the situation today ; yes. 



Mr. Casey. Peru is trying to claim 200 miles. 



Commander Walsh. There are 4 nations claiming 200 miles. 



Mr. Casey. Thank you ever so much. If we have no further wit- 

 nesses this morning, we do not have a quorum so we cannot go into 

 executive session. 



(The following material was submitted for inclusion in the record :) 



Statement of S. Dillon Ripley, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution 



During late 1961 Drs. Remington Kellogg and A. C. Smith, then Directors 

 of the U.S. National Museum and of the Museum, of Natural History, agreed 

 with a suggestion of the Interagency Committee on Oceanography to increase 

 the activity and expenditures of the Museum of Natural History in oceanog- 

 raphy. Oceanography was defined in the Museum asi marine natural history, 

 to include all of the activities of the Division of Mollusks, Fishes, and Marine 

 Invertebrates, as then constituted. Provision was made for appropriate in- 

 creases in staff in order to permit the Institution to more actively participate 

 in the national oceanography program. 



It occurred to Dr. Smith in early 1962 through frequent discussions with the 

 curators of tlie Marine Divisions (Drs. Harald Rehder in mollusks, Leonard 

 Schultz in fishes, and Fenner Chace in marine invertebrates) and with the 

 newly employed chairman of the Department of Zoology, Dr. Horton H. Hobbs, 

 Jr., that the oceanography program should not only revitalize the existing 

 systematics efforts in the museum but also examine the Smithsonian Institu- 

 tion's capability to provide leadership in related areas not adequately covered 

 in the then existing organization of the Museum of Natural History. 



Two new tradition breaking organizational concepts were approved in the 

 first 2 months of 1962. First, an advisory and coordinating position of Assistant 

 Director for Oceanography was established in the Museum of Natural History 

 to (il) aid museum staff members in their marine research, (2) maintain liaison 



