MARINE SCIENCES AND RESEARCH ACT 51 
individuals possessing the greatest scientific talent. Moreover, the 
Foundation can use its authority to make grants in support of basic 
scientific research to give additional impetus to the development of 
those sciences, such as oceanography, for which there is a critical need. 
From the standpoint of our own program interests, we believe that 
it is generally more advisable to support graduate study on a broad 
base than to emphasize the support of a single field. We understand, 
however, that the National Science Foundation, in recognition of the 
need for increased attention to the support of research in ocean- 
ography, has added a full-time oceanographer to its program on earth 
sciences, and has taken other measures to foster oceanographic re- 
research and the training of research workers. However, with respect 
to the Foundation, the bill would not provide the Foundation with 
legislative authority beyond that which it already possesses. 
Section 9 of the bill would direct the Secretary “to undertake a 
ten-year program of obtaining new faculty in oceanography and 
marine sciences * * *,”’ and in furtherance of the purposes of the 
bill would authorize him to ‘provide assistance through the Office 
of Education in the form of teacher salaries and equipment.”’ 
With respect to the fellowship program under title IV of the Na- 
tional Defense Education Act of 1958, mentioned previously, the 
award of a fellowship may be made only for study in a graduate pro- 
gram that, in the acceptance for persons for study, gives preference 
to students interested in teaching in institutions of higher education. 
As with graduate study, the role of this Department should be one 
of encouraging and assisting institutions of higher education to 
expand and improve their capacity for training teachers in all fields 
rather than one of promoting the teaching of a single specialty. 
However, teacher training in the sciences is supported by the National 
Science Foundation through grants to educational institutions to 
conduct institutes to assist elementary, secondary, and undergraduate 
teachers to improve their knowledge of science. We understand 
that, through this program, grant funds have been made available 
for institutes to train teachers in fields related to oceanography, 
as well as for other specialized institutes. 
Section 2 of the bill, entitled ‘Declaration of Policy,” declares 
that “a coordinated, long-range program of oceanographic research 
requires establishment of a Division of Marine Sciences in the Na- 
tional Science Foundation * * * which Division shall * * * co- 
operate with’, inter alia, 11 named Federal agencies’? and other 
Government agencies dealing with problems related to the seas’’. 
Section 3(b) would establish such a Division, providing that it ‘‘shall 
include among its membership a representative from the Office of 
Naval Reasearch, the Hydrographic Office, the Coast and Geodetic 
Survey, the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, the Atomic Energy 
Commission, [and] the Maritime Administration * * *”, 6 of the 
11 Government agencies that are mentioned under section 2. 
With respect to the desirability of creating such a Division, we de- 
fer to the National Science Foundation. However, if these sections 
are to be retained, we believe that section 3(b) should be amended to 
include the Public Health Service as a member of the Division, and 
that section 2 of the bill be amended to make specific reference to 
the Service. 
The Public Health Service interest in oceanography is broadly 
fourfold: 
