MARINE SCIENCES AND RESEARCH ACT 9 
It is a matter of much concern to the Panel that, because 
of fund limitations, the Survey cannot procure, through its 
civilian operations, enough information to satisfy the de- 
mands of the Defense agencies and that the Defense agencies 
must establish duplicate facilities to satisfy the needs, and 
through military operations. The Survey has an unchal- 
lenged record for economy. It seems clear to the Panel that 
it would be far more appropriate to allocate funds in proper 
amounts to permit an adequate civilian program by a civilian 
agency. 
The space age is new. Its impact upon the Defense 
agencies is everyday knowledge to youngsters of preschool 
age. Yet the Coast and Geodetic Survey has been bypassed 
in the ‘‘tooling”’ for the new era—in spite of the fact that its 
products are an essential element in the planning, research 
and development which has made the space age possible 
and which will inevitably lead to further victories in space. 
From the point of view of basic economy, if for no other 
reason, the future budgets of the Survey should be increased 
substantially—in the immediate future. Allocations of this 
magnitude represent only a small fraction of a major defense 
project of today and could have a major influence on both 
the defense and commerce of our country. 
S. 2692 would authorize a substantial increase in funds for operation 
of Coast and Geodetic Survey ships, and construction of 10 ocean- 
going survey ships during the next 10 years. 
The bill would authorize inauguration in the Weather Bureau of a 
comprehensive 10-year study of the interchange of energy between 
the oceans and the atmosphere, phenomenon which has a profound 
influence on storms, climate, and weather. Touching on this scientific 
problem, the Academy committee states: 
Floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, droughts, frosts and air- 
pollution hazards have disastrous effects which, on occasion, 
have influenced the course of modern society. The economic 
losses accompanying some of these atmospheric catastrophes 
are staggering. Meteorologists do their best to predict and 
warn against these phenomena; they even hope in the future 
to be able to control them. But progress is impeded by lack 
of adequate knowledge concerning the processes that produce 
them. A close look at meteorology must inevitably point to 
the need for more research in order to reach the level of pre- 
diction and control that our society demands. 
The Academy Committee report on the Maritime Administration is 
essentially limited to recommending a broader program of research and 
development. S. 2692 would place on the Administration the re- 
sponsibility of constructing ships specifically designed for basic oceano- 
graphic research, giving due attention to quiet operation, efficient and 
economical scientist-crew ratios, space and power for winches and 
other scientific factors. 
The Academy Committee panel deplores the fact that: ‘The 
Maritime Administration does not have specific legislation directed 
to the performance of research and development,’ and recommends 
S. Rept. 1525, 86—2 2 
