4 MARINE SCIENCES AND RESEARCH ACT 
on Law of the Sea, held in Geneva, Switzerland, in March and April 
1958, and relating particularly to pollution of offshore waters. 
Attesting further to this need are three reports, two of them pre- 
pared by the National Academy at the request of Government agen- 
cies and the third prepared within the Defense Establishment by the 
Office of Naval Research and subsequently approved by the Chief of 
Naval Operations. 
All three reports point to a drastic need for new ships, new facilities, 
more marine scientists, and greatly augmented oceanographic research 
and surveys. 
S. 2692 gives legislative recognition to findings and conclusions 
contained in two of these reports and substantially confirmed with 
respect to four agencies by the third report, which was issued sub- 
sequent to introduction of the bill. 
GENESIS OF THE THREE REPORTS 
In 1957, several Government agencies, convinced of the need for an 
integrated oceanographic program, and aware that to achieve this 
would require an overall study conducted by an independent and 
completely objective scientific group, proposed that the National 
Academy of Sciences create a Committee on Oceanography to under- 
take this major project. This was done. 
Formal support, financial and otherwise, was given to the under- 
taking by the following agencies: 
Atomic Energy Commission. 
Bureau of Commercial Fisheries. 
National Science Foundation. 
Office of Naval Research, Department of the Navy. 
Subsequently the Coast and Geodetic Survey of the Department of 
Commerce, also participated in the sponsorship. 
Dr. Harrison Brown, professor of geochemistry at the California 
Institute of Technology and formerly with Johns Hopkins University, 
Baltimore, and University of Chicago, was appointed Chairman. 
Eminent marine scientists from seven universities and oceanographic 
institutions affiliated with universities were named to the Com- 
mittee. New England, the Mid- and South Atlantic States, the Mid- 
west and Pacific coast were each represented. A former Commissioner 
of Atomic Energy, Mr. Sumner Pike, of Lubec, Maine, also was 
appointed to the Committee. 
All of the members of the Committee are civilians. None are 
employed by the Government. None were selected for membership 
on the Committee by any Government agency. The Committee and 
each of its members possessed complete freedom to make a com- 
prehensive study and report. 
Committee members are: 
Dr. Maurice Ewing, Lamont Geological Observatory, Columbia 
University, Palisades, N.Y.; Dr. Columbus O’D. Iselin, Woods Hole 
Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Mass.; Dr. Fritz Koczy, 
Marine Laboratory of the University of Miami, Miami, Fla.; Dr. 
Roger Revelle, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, Calif.; 
Dr. Dixy Lee Ray, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.; Dr. 
Gordon Riley, Bingham Oceanographic Laboratory, Yale University, 
