.52 MARINE SCIENCE 



These ships will be an experiment in quietness. In other words, 

 these will be the first ships that were ever built where the primary 

 •effort in the design was for quietness rather than efficiency of the 

 powerplant. Through this I am quite certain that the Navy is going 

 to learn a great deal about quieting their own ships and by quieting 

 their own ships their abilities to detect submarines will be greatly 

 improved. 



The Chairman. And, of course, that conclusion would dictate, be- 

 cause of the very nature of this thing, that you must have a plan ; and 

 No. 2, you must get at it because it takes 3 or 4 or 5 years to get one 

 of these things ready. 



Mr. IsELiN. And what you learn out of building the first ship should 

 be applied to the design of the second and third, and so on. 



This could be the greatest experiment in naval architecture that 

 was ever pulled off, because these ships can be studied, they can be 

 instrumented, and you can do things with a small ship that you can't do 

 in a large one. 



The Chairman. Tliank you, Dr. Iselin. Are there any questions? 



We will put all of the other statements in the record. 



(The papers submitted by Dr. Worzel follow :) 



International Relations 



The cooperative assistance of international groups on oceanograpMc re- 

 seareli which have not been formalized by international agreements or commit- 

 tees is large. For example, our present cruise w^ill be the fourth cooperative 

 effort vs^ith the Argentines. They have provided one or more ships to work 

 with R. V. Vema each of the past 4 years, and have supplied a major part of the 

 logistical support. 



We have supplied much of the scientific know-how and most of the instru- 

 mentation for seismic refraction work, magnetic work, topographic surveys, and 

 coring work. A great deal has been accomplished in detailing the Argentina 

 continental slope and shelf in the Scotia Sea, and the passages near Tierra 

 Del Fuego. The most cordial relations prevail and over 15 of their people have 

 spent a reasonable time on our ship being trained in our kinds of operations and 

 at least 10 of our people have worked on their vessels for various lengths of 

 time assisting them in installing and operating various equipment. 



Similar, but less extensive, cooperative work has been accomplished with the 

 Chileans, South Africans, Spanish, Brazilians, and Australians. 



In addition, many foreign scientists have been accommodated for periods of a 

 week or more to observe and participate in the oceanographic work. For exam- 

 ple, on our ship we have had 15 Argentines, 8 Italians, 6 South Africans, 5 Chile- 

 ans, 5 Spaniards, 4 Germans, 4 Peruvians, 4 Australians, 4 Turks, 1 Greek, 

 1 Netherlander, 1 Algerian, 1 Japanese, and 1 Bermudian spend between a week 

 and up to several months working on board. The great diversity of nationalities 

 working cooperatively on board is always an object of great interest in the foreign 

 ports at which we touch and almost invariably exerts favorable comments from 

 the local press. 



Research Vessels of the Private Oceanographic Laboeatobies 



The research vessels of the private oceanographic laboratories differ somewhat 

 from each other and greatly from those of the Government agencies. This is due 

 to the great variety of investigations that are undertaken on each of these vessels ; 

 to the primary concentration of each of the laboratories on different aspects of the 

 oceanographic problems ; and to the great duration of a cruise in order to deter- 

 mine the geographic distribution of the various phenomena and to see how repre- 

 sentative areas investigated in great detail are related to other areas of the 

 world. 



As an example, on a 10-month cruise of one vessel the following programs were 

 tmdertaken : Submarine topography, carbon 14 studies of oceanic circulation, 



