64 MARINE SCIENCE 



Will you explain that in a little greater detail ? 



Mr. KiLEY. Each year we get applications from students who want 

 to enter graduate school. We, of course, choose the best ones. We 

 choose as many as we have facilities to handle. That is, space in our 

 laboratory and teaching facilities. It takes quite a lot of time to 

 supervise the thesis research of graduate students, and each institu- 

 tion can handle only a limited number at a time. 



Senator Lausche, In talking with students whom you believe are 

 likely prospects, what answers do you get describing why they hesi- 

 tate entering the field ? 



Mr. KiLEY. There are two main problems in the student's mind 

 when he enters the field. 



First, "Is it a field I will be really interested in ?" 



Second, "What will be the job opportunities when I get out ? " 



So far we have been able to tell him that there is a shortage in the 

 field. I hope there will be enough new staff positions created so we 

 will continue to have a moderate shortage for some time. 



Senator Lausche. Then their thinking would be divided into tAvo 

 classes — one that may be basically interested in the intellectual devel- 

 opment of himself and, secondly, the one who is thinking about the 

 practical use that he will be able to make of his learning as a means 

 of income and in the commercial world. 



Mr. Riley. I think practically all of them have both of these 

 thoughts in mind. They are interested in the field intellectually and 

 they want to have an opportunity to find out whether that is what 

 they want to make marine sciences their lifewoi'k. 



Senator Lausche. What is the field of opportunity into which they 

 can go specifically? Where are jobs available? I am not thinking 

 of their knowledge of biology and chemistry and physics, but this 

 particular subject. Where can they go to find a position ? 



Mr. Riley. We have placed most of our students in other oceanog- 

 raphic laboratories who were hiring new staff members. 



Senator Lausche. Is Government employment one of their main 

 avenues ? 



Mr. Riley. No, sir ; I am sorry to say it is not. This is a common 

 attitude among many of the graduate students, that they feel that the 

 opportunities for research are better in the private institutions than 

 they are in the Government. I think this is an attitude that we can 

 change. 



Senator Lausche. Yesterday a Dr. Schaefer testified. I think he 

 was mainly interested in the marine life, wasn't he ? 



Mr. Riley. Yes. 



Senator Lausche. You state it requires extensive knowledge in 

 sciences and, therefore, protracted courses, and that is a deterrent in 

 getting students ? 



Mr. Riley. No, I believe it is not a deterrent provided we can give 

 them proper financial help. Most of these graduate students have 

 to earn their way. 



Senator Lausche. What is the means presently of providing finan- 

 cial help for them as an inducement to continue their studies ? Will 

 you catalog them if you will, please ? 



Mr. Riley. Well, primarily in oceanogrtiphic laboratories it is re- 

 search assistantships. These are generally simply assisting the per- 

 manent staff members on research on Government contracts. 



