MARINE SCIENCE 69 



researchers can try out new equipment seems essential. We have 

 seismological observatories, high altitude observatories; a leading 

 maritime power should have a true midocean observatory. 



UNMANNED BUOYS 



Probably the only way we can ever obtain continuous measure- 

 ments at sea from many places is to install a network of anchored 

 buoys which record or telemeter meteorological and miderwater 

 weather. Such a data collecting system will be needed to furnish 

 the desired data of the future. Five hundred such high seas buoys 

 would be needed even if each buoy monitored an area as large as 

 Texas. 



From the standpoint of air safety, it might be wise to have a line 

 of moored buoys with short range navigational aids and recording 

 check points along every major over-ocean airline route. 



SPECIxVLIZED SUR'STEY AND RESEARCH INSTRUMENTATION 



The development of rapid, foolproof instrmnents for survey and 

 research is essential to use ships efficiently. For example, a better 

 winch might speed survey work as much as doubling the size of the 

 ship's main propulsion plant. Reliable instruments may permit 

 three ships to do what otherwise would require four ships. Center 

 wells on ships will encourage new kinds of instruments and instru- 

 ment handling. 



These ships need the best available instruments. For example, 

 oftentimes research ships are some of the last ships to get new 

 equipment. 



There is the problem of the new research instruments. Those 

 which are developed by individual scientists without the aid or the 

 need of any master plan such as ours. Here it is important that 

 those individuals be financed through the existing working level por- 

 tions of the Government who have proven so capable here. 



In summary, it is essential that an instrument and special vehicle 

 program be pushed vigorously, that industi-y become more heavily 

 involved in instrumentation. The budget for new devices is about 

 15 percent of the total or about $10 million a year. 



Of course, the vast bulk of the new devices which are associated 

 with applied engineering problems would be paid for as priority 

 engineering items by the user. 



The items that we have been talking about here ai'e those experi- 

 mental devices used for oceanography, to serve as a basis for improv- 

 ing the technolog}^ of working at sea so that when the Navy or the 

 fisheries, or AEC has big problems at sea they will have the tech- 

 nology to draw on. 



Senator Lausche. The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; 

 would you identify it, please ? 



Is it privately endowed ? What are its functions and so forth ? 



Mr. Vine. It was set up as a private organization Avith Rockefeller 

 funds in 1929. In fact, it was set up as the result of recommendations 

 by the first Academy Committee on Oceanography. 



" At the same time' the Scripps Institution of Oceanogi-aphy was en- 

 larged at the University of California. 



