100 



MARINE SCIENCE 



(3) A program should be pursued aimed at determining the inorganic trans- 

 fer of radioactive elements from seawater to the sediments. 



(4) Studies should be made of the effects of living organisms on the distribu- 

 tion of radioactive elements introduced into the sea. 



(5) The genetic effects of radiation upon marine organisms should be studied. 



(6) A variety of biological field experiments should be conducted utilizing 

 radioisotopes. 



(7) The proposed budgets for the programs are given in tables 12 and 13. 

 The greater part of the program should be financed by the Atomic Energy Com- 

 mission. 



Table 12. — Radioactivity in the oceans — Summar'^ of 'budget estimates 

 [Annual cost in 1958 dollars] 



Without 

 ship time 



Ship time 



Total 



Control and monitoring 



Estuarine and coastal studies 



Research in open ocean 



Sedimentation processes 



Effects of the biosphere 



Genetic effects 



Biological field experiments 



Total, 1st year 



Total, subsequent years 



About \i is now underway. 

 Net cost of new program: 



1st year 



Subsequent years 



If 2 large open sea tests are conducted, 1 in 1962 and 1 in 1966 

 the additional costs in those years will be 



Total in those years. 



$370, 000 



1, 920, 000 



1, 000, 000 



1 449, 000 



678, 000 



100, 000 



100, 000 



$880, 000 

 400, 000 

 35, 000 

 260, 000 



$370, 000 



2, 800, 000 



1, 400, 000 



2 484, 000 



938, 000 



100, 000 



100, 000 



4, 617, 000 

 4, 432, 000 



3, 078, 000 



1, 575, 000 

 1, 575, 000 



1, 050, 000 



6, 192, 000 

 6, 007, 000 



4, 128, 000 



2, 954, 000 

 1, 400, 000 



1, 050, 000 

 600, 000 



4, 004, 000 

 2, 000, 000 



4, 354, 000 



1, 650, 000 



6, 004, 000 



1 $264,000 after 1st year, 

 a $299,000 after 1st year. 



Table 13. — Radioactivity in the oceans — Summary of budget estimates for new 



research 



[Millions of 1958 dollars] 



1 Primarily through use of ships now in service. 



G. OCEAN RESOUBCES 



Lack of adequate understanding of the occurrence, behavior, and potential 

 harvest of fish and other marine organisms serves as a serious barrier to exten- 

 sive economic development and utilization of marine biological resources. Ex- 

 isting knowledge is inadequate to evaluate the feasibility of creating a marine 

 mineral industry. 



(1) The sea and its contents should be studied on a broad basis to enlarge 

 our knowledge of its potential resources. 



