118 



MARINE SCIENCE 



The system should be capable of handling sensing elements to measure tem- 

 perature, pressure, conductivity, illumination, sound velocity, radioactivity, etc., 

 which could be carried on one or several vehicles. These vehicles might be towed, 

 anchored, free floating, or self-propelled so an acoustical telemetering system 

 would probably be preferable. The data should be stored in such form that an 

 intelligible readout is available on shipboard for monitoring the operations while 

 they are underway and so the data can be automatically processed for machine 

 computation, either ashore, or on board the larger vessels. The stored data or 

 any part of it should be easily reproduced and sent to another ship or laboratory 

 for comparison purposes, or to combine with its own data for computation. In 

 a well designed system, such a transfer of data could be made with a minimum 

 of manual processing. 



I would therefore propose that one agency, such as the National Science Foun- 

 dation, be given primary responsibility for development of instrumentation and 

 data processing methods at least in the first few years of the program. The re- 

 sponsible agency should then select one man, or a small group, whose primary 

 duties will be to review the work that has been done and the work in progress on 

 instrumentation and data handling at various oceanographic laboratories as well 

 as the applicable work from fields other than oceanography. 



A set of plans and specifications for a complete data fiow system could be drawn 

 up based on this review and on discussions with theoretical oceanographers who 

 will interpret the data to be collected. After testing of prototypes, equipment 

 can be built and made available to each ship and laboratory in accordance with 

 its needs. 



This proposal is not presented as an ultimate answer to oceanographic instru- 

 mentation, but as a plan for development of a working system, which can be built 

 now, to collect and process many kinds of oceanographic data using modern rapid 

 machine methods and thus facilitate the work which would be supported by this 

 bill. 



The scientific and material benefits to be gained from an increase in our knowl- 

 edge of the sea have been pointed out by many people in these hearings and else- 

 where. I would add my voice to theirs in asking that urgent consideration be 

 given to this bill for increased support of basic research in the marine sciences. 



APPENDIX 



(The following material was subsequently received for the record :) 



Table 1. — Bureau of Commercial Fisheries research contracts either negotiated 

 or in effect in fiscal year 1960 



Contractor 



National Fisheries Institute 



University of Washington, Fish- 

 ery Research Institute. 



Do 



Do 



Do 



Do -. 



Do 



Do 



Oyster Institute of Norch America 

 University of Southern California- 

 University of Delaware 



Alaska Department of Fish and 



Game. 

 University of Minnesota 



Barkley and Dexter 



Philip R. Park 



University of Connecticut 



University of Miami 



Boston College 



University of Washington 



University of Delaware 



University of Florida 



Texas A. and M. Foundation 



Rutgers University 



University of Minnesota 



Brief description of work 



Research program to improve quality of fishery products- 

 Effects of logging on productivity of pink salmon streams 



in Alaska. 

 Salmon tagging ofl west coast of Prince of Wales Island , -. 

 Salmon tagging in Cook Inlet and Prince William Sound. 



Tagging salmon in offshore waters of north Pacific 



Analysis of past Alaskan fishery research data 



Observation of red salmon in the Kuichaic River system.. 



Study of red salmon in Nushagak River 



Biological research on Atlantic blue crab 



Study of king crab in Cook Inlet Area, Alaska 



The assay of fish products for poultry diets 



Investigation of removal of salmon predators 



Determination of structure and analysis of acids in fish 

 flesh. 



Automatic bone inspection in fish fillets 



Study on methods of handling and freezing fish at sea-.- 

 Determination of the metabolizable energy and digestibil- 

 ity of fish meals. 



Study of the eggs and larvae of pink shrimp .. 



Economic study of the factors that affect demand for cod 

 and haddock. 



Statistical reasrch on fur seal populations 



Study of disease-causing organisms and pathology of east- 

 em Amercian oyster. 



Economic study of shrimp industry 



Hydrological studies for the Corps of Engineers proposed 

 Mississippi River — gulf project. 



Study of oyster mortality 



Odor and nutritional studies on fish oils 



Amount 



$55, 000 

 47,800 



12, 500 

 12, 500 

 256, 000 

 5.600 

 46, 700 

 20, 000 

 25, 250 

 18,700 

 5,000 

 18,400 



15,200 



22,689 

 17, 000 

 11, 800 



42, 209 

 19,000 



2,725 

 11,765 



16, 500 

 80,000 



9,000 

 28, 500 



