MARINE SCIENCE 155 



and in the TENOC report would certainly be desirable. I would hope that 

 there niifjht be another way of indifating this support which would avoid the 

 dangers of inflexibility and inii)lie<l ceilinfjs. 



3. Would the coordinatinj? mechanism of the Division of Marine Sciences 

 in the National Science Foundation be preferable to the means already ewtab- 

 lished throu{?h a subcommittee of the Federal Council of Science? The several 

 parts of this program fall naturally within the puriK)ses of several departments 

 and agencies. Coordination of their i>olicies and programs relate<l to this 

 10-year program is clearly neetled. The means suggested in the draft bill 

 would appear to allow a voice by representatives of the Ofl^ce of Naval Re- 

 search, the Ilydrographic OflBce, the Coast and Geodetic Survey, the Bureau of 

 Oonmiercial Fisheries, the Atomic Energy Conunission, and the Maritime Admin- 

 istration in the program of the National Science Foundation. The activities 

 which go to make up the total program will appropriately be carried out within 

 the scientific agencies of the several departments involved and at institutions out- 

 side the Government oijerating with support from one or more of these agencies. 

 The subcommittee of the Federal Council of Science, being composed of all 

 agencies concerned in the program and I'epi'esented on equal and coordinate 

 basis, may be better suited to provide the coordination for the total prf^ram. 



I am glad to have had the opi)ortunity to submit these views and to express 

 my satisfaction at the interest of yourself and your associates in the science 

 which is the central pui-pose of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. 

 Because it brings together the efforts of scientists from many different disci- 

 plines, it is sometimes diflBcult for those outside the field to visualise what ocean- 

 ographers actually do. We will be very pleased indeed to have you, your 

 associates or your staff visit AVoods Hole where we might show you something 

 of the current research in oceanography. 

 Sincerely yours, 



Patjl M. Fye. 



Department of Geology and Geophysics, 

 Massachusetts Iis^stitute of Technology, 



Cambridge, Mass., Jantmry IJf, 1960. 

 Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, 

 U.S. Senate, New Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C. 



Gentlemen : Before his death Vice Adm. Edward L. Cochrane handed me a 

 copy of S. 2692 and suggested that I read it and communicate my reactions to 

 you in case I wished to do so. I am pleased, therefore, to comment on this 

 bill which seems well designed to advance the reconmieudations of the Com- 

 mittee on Oceanography of the National Academy of Sciences-National Research 

 Council. 



I strongly support the recommendations that are included in the reports of the 

 Committee on Oceanography referred to in the preceding paragraph, and believe 

 that if these recommendations are carried out, we will have taken long steps 

 forward in improving our position in oceanographic research. The one comment 

 that I would make about the recommendations is that they do not sufficiently 

 emphasize the great imiK)rtance of education and the training of manpower for 

 the marine sciences. 



The much-expanded program envisioned in your bill will require many well- 

 trained physical and biological scientists. These scientists will have to be 

 trained and then led to become interested in some aspect of our physical 

 environment. 



I note with approval that the bill provides for fellowshii>s for the training 

 of students in the marine sciences and for assistance to educational institutions 

 in the form of equipment and teachers' salaries. I fail, however, to find the 

 emphasis that I would like to see placed on the scientific manpower problem 

 which I consider to be of first importance to the entire program in oceanograplfy. 

 There are few institutions of higher learning in the United States that offer 

 advanced training in the marine sciences. Good as these are, tJiey not only 

 need to expand and diversify their programs, but it would definitely be in the 

 national interest to encourage and support the creation of new courses of in- 

 struction in the marine sciences at other institutions. 



Although the bill is primarily concerned with the marine sciences, I f^l 



strongly that recognition should be taken of the close coupling between the 



oceans and the atmosphere and between the oceans and the land areas. There 



is greater need than ever before to recognize this close relationship between the 



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