24 
a number of legal principles that might be adopted by the General 
Assembly. 
We firmly believe that a great deal of value has been accomplished, 
Senator Pell, by the mere introduction of these resolutions. They pro- 
vide a very useful focus for thought and planning. 
The Department is directing serious attention to the broad range of 
problems enumerated in these resolutions. The Arms Control and Dis- 
armament Agency is studying the practicability and national security 
implications of nuclear arms control measures applicable to the deep 
ocean floor. This activity is being coordinated with the Department of 
Defense and other branches of the Government concerned. 
In conclusion, Mr. Chairman, let me assure the committee that we 
intend to continue our consultations with interested committees and 
Members of the Senate and House of Representatives as the inter- 
national discussion on the subject moves forward. 
Mr. Chairman, I would be very glad to address myself to any ques- 
tions. I have with me, as you know, Leonard Meeker, the legal adviser 
of the State Department, who is very knowledgeable on the legal side; 
and Herman Pollack, who is deeply involved in the scientific aspects 
of this problem, and I would hope to be calling upon them as well. 
Senator Sparkman. Thank you very much, Mr. Secretary. 
I shall ask you just two or three questions and then call on Senator 
Pell. 
DEEPEST OCEAN TRENCH 
You say, “We are able to put a man down to the bottom of the 
deepest ocean trench.” Just how deep is that ? 
Mr. Sisco. I would like to have Mr. Pollack address himself to that, 
if I could. 
Mr. Potiack. It was in the bathoscope, Trieste, that extended to 
about 35,000 feet. 
Senator Sparkman. Is that the deepest spot in the ocean we have 
been able to find so far ? 
Mr. Potiack. Let me ask Dr. Frosch. 
Dr. Froscu. Yes; that is the deepest place that we know. 
Mr. Potiack. The answer is affirmative. 
Senator SparKkMANn. Where is it? 
Mr. Pornack. The Marianas Trench. 
Senator SparKMAN. Oh, yes. Is that in the Mariana Islands group? 
Mr. Pottack. Yes. 
Senator Sparkman. Have we actually put a man down to that 
depth. 
Mr. Porzack. Yes, sir; they were able to take some photographs of 
the ocean bottom at that depth. 
ANTARCTIC TREATY 
Senator Sparkman. Now, as you say in your statement, we have a 
treaty, have we not, dealing with the Antarctic? 
Mr. Sisco. Yes, sir. 
Senator Sparkman. Was it formulated under the United Nations? 
Mr. Stsco. Mr. Chairman, the Antarctic Treaty was developed and 
concluded outside the framework of the United Nations. Actually, a 
group of the interested States got together and began the consultation 
