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rules and regulations as he may deem necessary and ap- 
propriate. 
“JURISDICTION OF UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURTS 
“Src. 17. United States district courts shall have origi- 
nal jurisdiction of cases and controversies arising out of, or 
in connection with, development activities conducted in any 
area, of the deep seabed under the authority of this Act, and 
proceedings with respect to any such case or controversy 
may be instituted in the judicial district im which any de- 
fendant resides, or may be found, or in the judicial district 
of the State nearest the place where the cause of action arose. 
“PENALTIES 
“SEc. 18. (a) Crvin PENALTIES.—Any person subject 
to the jurisdiction of the United States who violates any 
provision of this Act, or any rule or regulation issued pur- 
suant to section 16 hereof, shall be liable to a civil penalty 
of $10,000, for each day during which the violation con- 
tinues. The penalty shall be assessed by the Secretary, who 
in determining the amount of the penalty, shall consider the 
gravity of the violation, any prior violation, and the demon- 
strated good faith of the person charged in attempting to 
achieve rapid compliance after notification of the violation. 
No penalty may be assessed until the person charged shall 
have been given notice of the violation involved, and an 
