INTRODUCTION 17 



and the recently initiated Eastern Tropical Pacific (EASTRO- 

 PAC) investigation. Through participation in such investiga- 

 tions, the Navy Ocean Science Program has been able to acquire 

 detailed knowledge of vast areas of the world oceans which 

 neither the Navy nor the United States could reasonably hope 

 to obtain alone. 



Besides collaborating with foreign scientists in international 

 cooperative investigations, the Navy also has assisted in de- 

 veloping a number of foreign scientists and groups through the 

 support of their research in its formative period. Through co- 

 operative programs involving U.S. scientists, the Navy also has 

 contributed to the efforts of other countries in the process of 

 developing and improving their oceanographic programs. Several 

 such cooperative investigations have been conducted with 

 Latin American countries. Long-term ecological studies of local 

 conditions at a number of locations outside of the U.S. also have 

 further contributed to the development of local ocean-science 

 programs. Such studies have been carried out in the Mediter- 

 ranean-Red Sea area, off the Atlantic coast of Spain, and in the 

 North and Caribbean Seas. In 1965 the First Inter-American 

 Conference of Hydrobiology of Naval Interest was sponsored by 

 the Navy to encourage closer cooperation between the United 

 States and Latin American countries. Since most of the results 

 of ocean-science programs are available to the world, the de- 

 velopment of such local efforts by the Navy provides a broad 

 geographic scope. 



