Favre and Coantie 



Fig, 19. Constructions' progress by May 1970: view of refrigerating 

 coils, and of concrete contraction and test section. 



1, Turbulence Measurements in Water Flows 



A first work has been devoted to the measurement of velocity 

 and temperature mean and fluctuating values in water flows, and of 

 the associated turbulent momentum and heat fluxes. The adaptation 

 to this problem of the well known hot-wire technique has been studied 

 experimentally. An apparatus including a tubular water channel was 

 constructed to that end, and hot-wire sensors were manufactured. 

 The theoretical and experimental study of the performance of various 

 types of wires and films has resolved satisfactory methods of cali- 

 bration and measurement, particularly for commercially manufactured 

 conical hot films for which dimenslonless cooling laws have been pro- 

 posed, and for slanting wedge-shaped films. The intensity and the 

 spectrum of turbulence, and the Reynolds stresses themselves, have 

 been determined inside a circular conduit, with a comparable degree 

 of accuracy to that attainable In air flows (see Fig. 20). Later on, 

 the effects of water temperature variations upon the hot-film response 



60 



