Radar Baak-Soatter from the Sea Surface 



pointing towards the source. As the distribution of normals in a 

 random surface-wave field is approximately Gaussian, the depen- 

 dence of log (T on depression angle 9 is given by a parabola, with 

 maximum at normal incidence (90° depression angle) and half- width 

 typically of the order ia° (Fig. 1). 



SPECULAR REFLEXION 



BRAGG SCATTERING 



CROSS SECTION 



90» 



ISO- 



DOPPLER SPECTRUM 



■UJr 



^a ^d^ 



Fig. 1, Cross sections and Doppler spectra according to the specu- 

 lar reflection and first-order Bragg scattering models 

 (qualitative) 



365 



