Horned Cattle in Bavaria. 497 



viding horses for the use of the army, and particularly 

 for the train of artillery, such measures might be adopted 

 as would tend much to improve the breed of horses 

 throughout the country ; and my proposals meeting 

 with the approbation of His Most Serene Electoral 

 Highness, the plan was carried into execution in the 

 following manner : — 



A number of fine mares were purchased with money 

 taken from the military chest, and being marked with 

 an M (the initial of Militaria) in a circle upon the left 

 hip, with a hot iron, they were given to such of the 

 peasants, owning or leasing farms proper for breeding 

 good horses, as applied for them. The conditions upon 

 which these brood mares were given away were as 

 follows : — 



They were, in the first place, given away gratis, and 

 the person who received one of these mares is allowed 

 to consider her as his own property, and use her in any 

 kind of work he thinks proper. He is, however, obliged 

 not only to keep her, and not to sell her or give her 

 away, but he is also under obligations to keep her as 

 a brood mai^e, and to have her regularly covered every 

 season by a stallion pointed out to him by the commis- 

 sioners, who are put at the head of this establishment. 

 If she dies, he must replace her with another brood 

 mare, which must be approved by the commissioners, 

 and then marked. If one of these mares should be 

 found not to bring good colts, or to have any blemish 

 or essential fault or imperfection, she may be changed 

 for another. 



The stallions which are provided for these mares, and 

 which are under the care of the commissioners, are 

 provided gratis ; and the foals are the sole property 



