208 



nificant diversion of fresh water inflow, presents major problems of 

 water quality management for this area. 



The Pacific Northwest hiophysical region 



This region includes the northern California coast, the Oregon 

 coast and the Washington coast areas. These coastal areas are relatively 

 undeveloped except for the Portland and Seattle metropolitan areas. 

 All three areas remain specialized in economic activities related to 

 the ample forest and fisheries resources of this region. This region is 

 expected to show moderate growth rates in the future, with much of 

 this growth occurring in the two metropolitan areas of major impor- 

 tance. The concentration of both poj)ulation and economic growth in 

 the Portland and Seattle areas will j^lace heavy demands on the Colum- 

 bia Kiver and Puget Sound estuarine areas, particularly as demand 

 grows for increased port facilities and associated industry, pulp and 

 paper manufacturing, and the processing of food and kindred 

 products. 



Table IV.4.4 summarizes in some detail the major economic indica- 

 tors of individual OBE estuarine economic areas. The areas are 

 grouped roughly by biophysical regions. 



The analysis of high-water-use industries conducted by the Bureau 

 of the Census provides a framework for analysis of the impact of 

 present and future economic activities on the Nation's estuarine zone. 

 In 1964, the census of manufactures showed that the five major water- 

 use industries in the United States, in order of magnitude of ^oss 

 water intake, were the following : primary metal industries, chemicals 

 and allied products, paper and allied products, petroleum and coal 

 products, and food and kindred products. 



Ranked in order of brackish water use (which may include use of 

 estuarine water) , chemicals and allied products were overwhelmingly 

 the highest water user, nearly equaling the totals of the other four 

 highest users, which were the following : petroleum and coal products, 

 primary metal industries, paper and allied products, and food and 

 kindred products. The two industries that exhibited significant in- 

 creases in brackish water use between 1954 and 1964 were chemicals 

 and allied products, and primary metals. 



