236 



A final indicator of the ma^itude of the municipal waste problem 

 is provided by table IV.4.10. The marine coastal States are projected to 

 require an outlay of $51^ billion between 1969 and 1973 to adequately 

 treat municipal wastes during that period. This represents 63 percent 

 of the national total of $8,693 billion projected for 1969 through 1973. 

 The estuarine portions of the marine States (basically the coastal 

 counties) are estimated to require 60 percent of the marine States' 

 total outlay, or something over $2% billion during the same period. 



As one might expect, the heavily populated estuarine-associated 

 States such as California, New York, New Jersey, and Florida will 

 require bulk of expenditures in the near future (nearly two-thirds of 

 the total). Similarly, the estuarine portions of the marine States 

 located in the Middle Atlantic biophysical region (New York to 

 Delaware) will account for nearly 44 percent of the national total for 

 these areas. These and other urban-dominated areas will require the 

 fullest possible resources, technology, and planning of private, local, 

 State, and Federal establishment if estuarine water quality is to be 

 maintained, and perhaps enhanced. 



Industrial toastes 



Although municipal wastes are shown to be a major and projected 

 source of pollution, both nationally and associated with the estuarine 

 zone, manufacturing is the principal source of controllable waterborne 

 wastes. 



In terms of the generally quoted measurements of strength and 

 volume, the FWPCA estimates that manufacturing establishments 

 are responsible for about three times as great a loading as that caused 

 by the Nation's population. Moreover, the volume of industrial pro- 

 duction, which gives rise to industrial wastes, is increasing at about 

 4.5 percent a year, or three times as fast as the population growth 

 rate. 



Approximately 85 percent of the 14.2 trillion gallons of water used 

 by manufacturing plants in 1964 was accounted for by four major 

 industry groups; namely: Primary metal industries, chemical and 

 allied products, paper and allied products, and petroleum and allied 

 products. Most of the growth in manufacturing water demands 

 between 1954 and 1964 may be attributed to these four industry 

 groups. This may be expected to continue in at least the near future. 

 Blast furnaces and steel mills alone accounted for 27 percent of the 

 total ; industrial chemicals for about 21 percent of the total. Relatively 

 large industry units account for nearly all measured industrial uses; 

 3 percent of the firms inventoried by the census of manufactures made 

 up 97 percent of the total industrial water used for the Nation. 



Estuarine economic areas identified as having significant concentra- 

 tions of high water use industries are : 



(1) Chemicals and allied products: New York-northeast New 

 Jersey, Philadelphia-New Jersey-Delaware coast and the Texas 

 north gulf coast. 



(2) Petroleum refining: Philadelphia-New Jersey-Delaware 

 coast, Louisiana coast, Texas north gulf coast and Texas south 

 gulf coast, and California coast. 



(3) Paper and allied products: Marine coast, South Carolina 



