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Table IV.5.6. — Pollution characteristics of industrial waste — Continued 



Type of industry Origin of major wastes 



Machinery, equipment, and sup- Metal forming operations, metal cleaning, 

 plies. plating and painting operations. Cutting 



and drilling of insulators. 

 Transportation equipment Stack washing, cutting oils, spills of lubri- 

 cating oils and hydraulic oils, pickling and 

 cleaning operations, plating operations, 

 cooling water, blowdown of boilers, cor- 

 rosion protection, painting operations, 

 and sanding. 



Major wastes characteristics 



Treatment 



Suspended solids as fly ash, metal 

 powder, paint solids, domestic 

 wastes and miscellaneous cleanup 

 solids. Cutting, lubricating and 

 hydraulic oils. Detergents and 

 organic cleaning agents. Cyanide 

 and heavy metals. 



Heat, high BOD and suspended 

 solids, detergents, nitrogenous 

 substances, fat, organic acids, 

 salts, large operations cause severe 

 nuisance growth; animal path- 

 ogenic hazard. 



Minor problem 



High BOD, heat and suspended 

 solids, acids, bases, bleaching 

 agents, detergents and dyes with 

 high coloring activity. Many 

 waste components have biocidal 

 action. 



Very little water pollution 



Large amount of BOD in leachate 

 from logs and from sawdust. 

 Some biocidal contiminant in 

 leachate and in preservative spills. 



Solvents, pigment, varnish solids. 

 High BOD and biocidal compo- 

 nents. 



very high suspended solids, BOD, 

 heat, oil, acid, alkali, color and 

 biocidal component problem. The 

 volume is large and treatment 

 difficult. 



Some BOD glueing and acidic metal 

 solutions from plate preparation. 

 Very limited source of cyanide 

 from plating operations. 



Acids, alkalies, salts, flammable and 

 biocidal organic compounds in 

 great variety, suspended solids, 

 oils, phosphorous, sulfides, cya- 

 nides, heavy metals detergents, 

 elastomer dispersions and fluo- 

 rides. High BOD loads. 



Plant control. Oil separators, flocculation 

 and sediment action. Cooling systems. 

 Buffer lagoons. Aerobic biological treat- 

 ment. Use of municipal system. 



Process control, keeping water use at a 

 minimum and exclusion from waste- 

 water screens, fat separators, sedimenta- 

 tion, biological treatment and municipal 

 plants, separation of solids for landfill or 

 barging to sea, disinfection. 



Municipal plants. 



Process control, physical, chemical biologi- 

 cal, particularly activated sludge and 

 aerated lagoon. Municipal plants. 



Municipal plants. 

 Process control. 



Process control chemical, sedimentation, 

 boi-oxidative, municipal plants. 



Process control, chemical precipitation, neu- 

 tralization, sedimentation and centrif- 

 ugation. All types of biological treatment. 

 Lagoons, landfill and irrigation. Con- 

 trolled discharge on outgoing tides. 



Process control, chemical, physical, munici- 

 pal plants. 



Process control, chemical, neutralization, 

 oxidation, precipitation, sedimentation, 

 oil separation, bio-oxidative treatment 

 with adapted systems, particularly acti- 

 vated sludged and aerated lagoons. Many 

 wastes require isolation and special treat- 

 ment. Buffer lagoons help handle difficult 

 loads. Buring of separated solids or oils. 



