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mendations for State standards and guidelines for tidal waters; co- 

 ordination of interstate studies with State plans; coordination of 

 estuarine programs; development of investigatory techniques, speci- 

 fically in aerial mapping ; development and provision of training pro- 

 grams to provide qualified individuals to manage the diverse aspects of 

 estuarine resources ; and assistance in defining, investigating, and solv- 

 ing water pollution problems. Several mentioned the need for more 

 waste treatment equipment operators. 



In the area of legal assistance some States are not able to maintain 

 adequate counsel and witnesses for the multitude of legal problems 

 involving jurisdiction and ownership of estuarine areas and especially 

 the definition of tidal boundaries in interstate areas. In these cases, 

 Federal coordination in the form of legal assistance to the States is 

 needed. States may need expert legal advice from lawyers specializing 

 in special Avater laws to assist them in dealing with specific problems; 

 however, the States may not be able to justify the retention of such 

 impartial expert counsel, while the Federal Government can and 

 should provide such help on request. 



Last, administrative assistance is needed by the States from the 

 Federal level. This would include increased cooperation, coordination, 

 and backing at the Federal level to facilitate aid to States ; provision 

 of trained specialists or consulting experts to assist States in handling 

 specific problems that do not merit the retention of such specialists on 

 the payroll; and provision of advice and support on administrative 

 matters involving implementation of organizations and plans to 

 handle estuarine management, such as adequate data processing sys- 

 tems ; and assistance on mechanics of planning and setting up appro- 

 priate organizations. 



The concept of Federal cooperation, coordination, advice, counsel, 

 and backing to the States can be very critical and essential in those 

 geographic areas where the estuarine resources have a regional or even 

 national impact that extends far beyond the States' borders ; examples 

 would be : the Cape Cod-Provincetown-Plymouth Rock area of New 

 England, the New Jersey-Maryland beaches, the Florida sands, San 

 Francisco Bay, the Louisiana and Mississippi migratory routes (fly- 

 ways) and the Hawaiian Isles. The effective rational management of 

 such national impact areas must include a consideration of the national 

 use and preservation which is above and beyond the State- wide con- 

 cept. In some cases, responsible State plans that consider the national 

 viewpoint may have difficulty in being passed and implemented by 

 the State-levei government and population because of their reluctance 

 to shoulder the financial burdens and responsibilities for the pleasures 

 of the Nation. In such situations, it does not seem altogether equitable 

 to expect the States to shoulder the entire burden, and thus the Fed- 

 eral Grovernment should have available the capabilities to provide 

 coordination, assistance, advice, counsel, and general backing to insure 

 a national management overview of State resources that have a na- 

 tional or regional impact. 



Thus the Federal Government should provide, according to the 

 States, increased coordination of its capabilities to assist the State in 

 essentially any problem area that may arise in regard to management 

 of their estuarine resources and to assist the States in finding the ap- 



