412 



sources, either directly or through issuance of permits, licenses, 

 leases, and so forth, to : 



(1) minimize adverse effects on estuarine resources; and 



(2) give notice of intended action and hold public hear- 

 ings before acting, if there is indication that an adverse effect 

 is a likely result ; 



(c) Resolution of problems in regulating use of tidal lands, 

 wet lands, and so forth, under private ownership ; 



{d) Strengthening land acquisition and development programs 

 for conservation purposes ; 



(e) Institution of State-level authority to review zoning and 

 other action by local governments and to veto if inconsistent with 

 an approved statewide management plan ; and 



(/) Augmented funding of all components of the State's com- 

 prehensive management program and plan. 

 The management plan must also be compatible with those of neigh- 

 boring States. This approach seems altogether appropriate, especially 

 because several States have voiced concern over the anticipated loss 

 of substantial estuarine areas during the next 5 years. Relating the 5- 

 year period to a protective action period indicates the following pos- 

 sible approach : that it would take 1 year to develop or strengthen the 

 management plan and legislation ; 1 year to get it enacted ; 1 year to 

 develop an organization; 1 year to get the organization moving; and 

 1 year to actually start improved estuarine management operations. 



REFERENCES 



V-2-1 Garretson, Albert, "The Land-Sea Interface of the Coastal Zone of the 

 United States : Legal Problems Arising out of Multiple Use and Con- 

 flicts of Private and Public Rights and Interests" (prepared for the 

 National Council on Marine Resources and Engineering Development). 

 New York City, New York University, September 1968. 



V-2-2 Harold F. Wise & Associatees, "Intergovernmental Relations and the 

 National Interest in the Coastal Zone of the United States" (pre- 

 pared for Interagency Committee on MUCZ). Washington, D.C., 

 Harold F. Wise & Associates, March 1969. 200 p. 



V-2-3 Report of the Department of Natural Resources Relative to the Coastal 

 Wetlands in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Boston, Common- 

 wealth Senate Report No. 635, p. 15 ( 1963 ) . 



V-2-4 Ayres, James B., "A Case History of the Massachusetts Estuarine and 

 Coastal Wetlands Program" (Federal Water Pollution Control Ad- 

 ministration Contract No. 14-12-185). Cambridge, Mass. (in press). 



V-2-5 Institute of Public Administration, "The Marine Environment : A State 

 and Local Perspective." (Report to the Commission on Marine Science, 

 Engineering and Resources). Washington, D.C., U.S. Government 

 Printing Ofiice (1968). 



V-2-6 Commission on Marine Science, Engineering and Resources, Science and 

 Environment, volume 1 (panel report). Washington, D.C., U.S. Gov- 

 ernment Printing OflBce (1969) . 



