459 



in the resolution of problems resulting from the divergent objectives of 

 other Federal agencies; (c) leadership in identifying and funding the 

 diverse research programs needed to solve the problems of the coastal 

 zone; (d) in cooperation with other Federal agencies, development of 

 necessary monitoring programs in the coastal zone ; (^e) encouragement 

 of university research and training programs relating to coastal zone 

 management and the support of a system of coastal zone laboratories ; 



(f ) in collaboration with other Federal agencies, support of feasibility 

 studies and fundamental engineering relevant to the development of 

 offshore terminals, storage facilities, and nuclear power plants; and 



(g) in surveys in the coastal zone by other Federal agencies, identifica- 

 tion of areas of common interest and coordination of plans to avoid 

 overlap and incompatibilities. 



FEDERAL COMFLIANCE WITH STATE PLAN'S 



Other Federal agencies providing grants-in-aid to the States, or 

 engaging in coastal activities, are to review their projects for con- 

 sistency with plans adopted by the State coastal zone authorities. 



FIXING OF TERRITORIAL BOUNDARIES 



Congress should establish a National Seashore Boundary Commis- 

 sion to fix, subject to appropriate judicial review, the baselines from 

 which to measure the territorial sea and areas covered by the Sub- 

 merged Lands Act of 1953 and to determine, again subject to judicial 

 review, the seaward lateral boundaries between the States. 



Comparison of Commission Report With Recommendations in this 



Study 



Like the Commission report, the estuary study concludes that 

 primary responsibility for achieving sound management of the Nation's 

 estuarine and coastal zone resources should continue to reside in the 

 States. Consistent with that finding, it too seeks to create a Federal- 

 State relationship in the management of these resources through which 

 Federal programs and activities will encourage and assist the States 

 more effectively to discharge their primary responsibility. And like 

 the earlier report, it proposes reliance on the grant-in-aid mechanism 

 to achieve needed State action. 



The estuary study also agrees with the Commission in calling for a 

 Federal role which will- influence and guide the key State-level man- 

 agement decisions which from here on will control the use of a State's 

 estuarine and coastal resources. Thus it would make the grant of Fed- 

 eral funds to a State for administrative purposes conditional upon 

 the State meeting three criteria imposed by the Federal Government : 

 (1) the existence of a State organization for the management of 

 estuarine and coastal resources not dominated either by preservation 

 or economic development interests; (2) the capability of that organi- 

 zation to review Federal and federally-assisted State and local proj- 

 ects for consistency with the plan that organization is expected to 

 develop; and (3) the authority within that organization to (a) require 

 a State permit for dredging, filling, and other alteration of the lands 



