478 



Administration of bay lands and waters was accomplished by Federal 

 and State agencies, nine counties and 91 city governments. Local enti- 

 ties appeared unwilling to sacrifice local autonomy to some overall 

 coordinated controlling power. There was only limited control over 

 dredging, filling, and alternation, and there was no coordinated re- 

 gional zoning or other control over the use of water and adjacent land. 

 Tliere was a lack of coordinated planning. No true comprehensive de- 

 velopment plan coupled with the authority for implementation existed. 

 The Association of Bay Area Governments presented such a plan but, 

 due to conflicting local interests, its implementation has become bogged 

 down indefinitely while uncontrolled development reduced the remain- 

 ing natural values of the bay. Finally, there was also a lack of legal 

 definitions of landownership. Boundary lines between State and 

 private lands are confused and complex. Clearer definition of exist- 

 ing State lands will be needed along with the acquisition of additional 

 shallow water area. 



FINANCIAL RESOURCES 



There has been a steady growth in the number of personnel and 

 the amount of moneys devoted to estuarine management. Nevertheless, 

 considerable augmentation will be needed if comprehensive plans are 

 to be made and implemented as provided by the BCDC legislation. For 

 example, funds will be necessary (1) to finance development of the bay 

 and shoreline to their highest potential, and (2) to pay the operating 

 costs of the agency designated to carry out the bay plan. If it were 

 desired to compensate private owners of the bay lands that cannot be 

 filled, then additional funds would be required for this purpose. 



PUBLIC AWARENESS AND ACCEPTANCE 



The timely rescue of San Francisco Bay represents a demonstration 

 of what concerned Americans can still do to protect their environment, 

 and even to save what is left of grace in their urban areas. This un- 

 tiring citizen effort, aided by a steadily swelling number of organiza- 

 tions, and local governments led first in 1965 to the establishment of a 

 temporary BCDS with limited power and, secondly, to its permanent 

 establishment with strong powers and effective authority. 



Almost as refreshing as the outcome itself is the fact that the move- 

 ment to rescue San Francisco Bay resulted in a j)lan which devoted 

 a large part of its future effects to the social values of the estuaries — 

 those which unfortunately have all too long in the past been neglected. 



The public continues to participate in the membership of the 27- 

 man San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission. 

 Seven representatives of these 27 members are appointed from the 

 general public, another 13 of the 27 are elected officials and the remain- 

 ing 7 are representatives of State and Federal agencies. 



Section 10. Summary and Conclusions 



Summarizing from the evaluations of management in the Chesa- 

 peake and San Francisco Bays, it is apparent that the immense value 

 and the need for action both to conserve and to develop them has been 



