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crobiology, Geography, Oceanography, Geosciences, and the Hawaii 

 Institute of Marine Biology. 



The objectives of the study were : 



1. To postulate the ecology of Kaneohe Bay prior to its use for 

 sewage disposal ; 



2. To determine the present patterns of water quality and sedi- 

 mentation in the bay and the effects of present effluents from land 

 on the important elements of the biota, separating, to the extent 

 possible, the effects of sewage effluent discharge and stream dis- 

 charge; 



3. To project ecological effects of increased sewage effluent dis- 

 charges and altered stream discharges as the population of the 

 area increases, ^assuming present methods of treatment; 



4. To outline alternative methods of treatment of both stream 

 and sewage effluent and stream discharges, and estimate the effects 

 of their adoption on the ecology of the bay ; 



5. To determine costs of present and alternative methods of 

 control and treatment of both sewage effluent discharge and 

 stream discharge ; 



6. To identify and measure the value of other major uses of the 

 estuary including recreation, industry, bait fishing, and esthetic 

 aspects versus use of the bay as a sink and transporting medium 

 for wastes associated with urban development. 



The nature of the problems associated with attaining these objec- 

 tives requires a closely coordinated interdisciplinary approach. For 

 simplicity in presentation, the procedures followed m this study are 

 described in relation to the several semi-independent programs that 

 are the respective special responsibilities of more or less separately 

 identifiable groups of investigators. It should be recognized, however, 

 that constant interchange of information exists among these groups. 

 The separate studies include : 



1. Studies of the plankton of Kaneohe Bay; analyses of the 

 diversity and structure of tropical zooplankton communities. In- 

 cluded in this work is an attempt to understand the relationships 

 with the open ocean forms and the interdependency that exists. 

 There would also be detailed analyses of tropic relationship^ and 

 energy flow, as associated with enrichment, transport, and mixing. 



2. Studies of the fish and benthos of Kaneohe Bay. Determine 

 the identity, distribution, and abundance of the fish and benthos 

 of the bay, and relate these to environmental factors. 



3. Sedimentation of the estuary via the watershed : 

 (a) Types of sediment entering the bay; 



(&) Kate of sedimentation, including normal and runoff; 



(c) Sediment pattern in the bay; 



(d) Composition and rate of sediment discharge from the 

 bay to the ocean ; 



(e) Effects of urbanization and agriculture on erosion and 

 runoff, and on the resulting sediment pattern in the bay ; 



(/) Inter-relationships with other studies; 



4. Bacterial pollution, mineralization processes, and photo- 

 synthetic activity: 



(a) Extent and magnitude of bacterial pollution from exist- 

 ing sources; 



