measured. Incomplete data on workload and enforcement standards 

 make it difficult to evaluate the level of enforcement, and to do long- 

 range planning and budget programing. 



General Recommendations 



The Study of Coast Guard Roles and Missions shows that the 

 Coast Guard's long-standing practice of cooperating with other Fed- 

 eral and State agencies in many law enforcement activities has pro- 

 duced a high level of performance and an excellent working relation- 

 ship. This practice should be continued and expanded wherever 

 necessary. 



The Study also shows a need for all laws now enforced, and that 

 added enforcement is needed in virtually all areas, especially in con- 

 servation, motorboat safety, oil pollution, and dangerous cargo 

 loading. 



Coast Guard can better carry out its enforcement responsibilities 

 with increased departmental and headquarters direction, and greater 

 training effort. 



Cooperative efforts between the Coast Guard and other agencies 

 should also be extended and improved, and standards should be de- 

 veloped from which program requirements can be determined. 



Safety and Law Enforcement at Sea and on Navigable Waters 



This is by far the largest and most complex category. It governs 

 vessel movements, specifies lights and markers for artificial islands 

 and fixed structures, regulates the use of motorboats, and provides 

 authority to arrest suspected criminals and prevent oil pollution. 



The Rules or the Road 



The Rules of the Road, which deal with lights, fog signals, speed, 

 steering, right of way, operations in narrow channels, and distress 

 signals, are really four sets of rules: International (high seas), In- 

 land (rivers and harbors). Western Rivers, and Great Lakes. These 

 differ considerably, making uniform enforcement difficult if not im- 

 possible. Moreover, while there are penalties for violation of the 

 latter three, the International Rules are not backed up by penalties. 



The Rules and Missions study recoinmended that legislation be 

 proposed to make the various Rules of the Road conform as nearly 

 as possible to International Rules in order to improve safety of 

 navigation. 



Artificial Islands and Fixed Structures 



There are 3,700 offshore structure (mostly oil rigs) in U.S. terri- 

 torial waters. Without proper lights, warning devices, and safety 

 equipment these would endanger navigation as well as the lives of 



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