274 



BOOK VIII. 



A — Area. B — Wood. C — Ore. D — Cone-shaped piles. E— Canal. 



same ore is soaked with water and smeared over it and beaten on with shovels ; 

 some workers, if they cannot obtain such fine sand, cover the pile with char- 

 coal-dust, just as do charcoal-burners. But at Goslar, the pile, when it has 

 been built up in the form of a cone, is smeared with atr amentum sutorium 

 ruhrum^, which is made by the leaching of roasted pyrites soaked with water. 

 In some districts the ore is roasted once, in others twice, in others three times, 

 as its hardness may require. At Goslar, when pyrites is roasted for the third 

 time, that which is placed on the top of the pyre exudes a certain greenish, 

 dry, rough, thin substance, as I have elsewhere written^ ; this is no more 

 easily burned by the fire than is asbestos. Very often also, water is put on 



^Airamentitm sutorium rubmni. Literally, this would be red vitriol. The German 

 translation gives rot kupferwasser, also red vitriol. We must confess that we cannot make 

 this substance out, nor can we find it mentioned in the other works of Agricola. It may be 

 the residue from leaching roasted pyrites for vitriol, which would be reddish o.xide of iron. 



^The statement " elsewhere " does not convey very much more information. It 

 is {De Nat. Fas., p. 253) : " When Goslar pyrites and Eisleben (copper) schists are placed on 

 " the pyre and roasted for the third time, they both exude a certain substance which is of a 

 "greenish colour, dry, rough, and fibrous (ienue). This substance, like asbestos, is not 

 " consum.ed by the fire. The schists exude it more plentifully than the pyrites." The 

 Interpretatio gives federwis, as the German equivalent of aniiantus (asbestos). This term was 

 used for the feathery alum efflorescence on aluminous slates. 



