468 



POLAR PROBLEMS 



observations to be made, 406; from 



snow, 383, 402 

 Fog, 445; flying and, 397, 421; Norge 



and, nearing Alaska, 416 

 Folklore, Eskimos, 185; native tribes, 



197; Russians in polar regions, 205 

 Food, 195 

 Footwear, 195 

 Forest spirits, 206 

 Fossils, Antarctic, American quadrant, 



324; Arctic Eurasia, 82, 83; Arctic 



Eurasian floras, need of study, 87; 



birds of the Antarctic, 375; Kerguelen, 



350; West Antarctica, 363 

 Four Pillar Island, 57, 59 

 Fox, 438 

 Foxes, 157 

 Fram, 3, 128, 129, 446; construction, 



427, 428; drift, 9, 129, 131, 134, 156; 



drift and undersea life, 219, 220 

 Framheim, 261 

 Frangais, 301, 302 

 France's Antarctic claims, 248 

 Franz Josef Land, 3, 5; Arctic Pack and, 



140; geology, 82; sovereignty, 241, 242 

 Fregetta tropica, 373 

 Freuchen, Peter, 178 

 Fridtjof Nansen, Mt., 321, 325 

 Fries, T. C. E., 150 

 "Friendly Arctic, The" (Stefansson), 



215, 222, 223 

 Fritsch, F. E., 347, 348 

 Frozen North, theory of, 211 

 Frozen soil, Arctic Eurasia, 85; plant 



growth over, 148 

 Frost, 36 



Frost smoke of sea ice, 117 

 Fuegia, 357; plant life, 348, 349 

 Fulmars, Antarctic, 371, 373 

 Fur clothes, 195 

 Fur seals, 377 

 Furniture, native, 196 

 Furs, 201; reindeer, 232 

 Fuss, v., 57 



Gain, L., 371 



Galapagos Islands, 223 



Galaxias attenuatus, 357 



Galaxiidae, 357, 370 



Game, areas devoid of, 222 



Gaspe Peninsula, arctic-alpine plants, 147 



Gasser, G. W., 150 



Gauss, 255, 270, 272, 280; oceanographi- 



cal observations, 274, 275 (map), 276; 



tidal observations, 279 

 Gaussberg, 255, 265, 274, 293, 319; 



oceanographical observations near, 275 

 Gazelle, 275 



Geelmuyden, Hans, 446 

 General Vilkitski Island, 4 



Gentoo penguin, 373 



Geological periods, Arctic American 

 problems reviewed by, 64 



Geologists, future tasks in the Ant- 

 arctic, 333 



Geology, 63; American quadrant of 

 the Antarctic, 322; Antarctic problems 

 to be solved, 324; Antarctica, problems, 

 315; Arctic America, structural prob- 

 lems in, 70; Arctic America, unsolved 

 problems, 63; Arctic Eurasia, 75; 

 Arctic Eurasia, unsolved problems, 

 86; lesson from contributions of Scott 

 and Amundsen parties, 321 



George, Nicholas, 125, 189 



Gerlache, A. de, 301 



Giant petrel, 373 



Gill, Theodore, 162 



Gjoa, 186 



Gjoa Harbor, 55, 56 



Glacial anticyclone, 290, 337, 339 



Glacial erosion, 335 



Glacial Period. See Ice Age 



Glacier Bay, Alaska, 149 



Glaciology, Antarctic, future studies, 335 



Glagons, no, in (ill.), 114, 115; divi- 

 sions of, 112 



Glacio-marine sediments, Antarctic, 280 



Globigerina ooze, Antarctic, 280 



Glossopteris, 82, 324 



Glossopteris flora, 327, 331 



Godfroy, R. E., 279 



Godhavn, 58 



Gondwana Land, 87, 327, 357 



Gough Island, 351, 364 



Government expeditions, 436 



Gourdon, E., 122 



Graarud, Aage, 55 



Graham Land, 259, 260, 285, 301, 303, 

 325, 364; geology, 323; glagons in 

 sea west of (ill.), iii; investigation 

 needed, 326; paleontology, 324 



Gran, H. H., 361 



Grant, Madison, 182 



Grant Land, 5, 19, 24 ; Arctic Pack north 

 of (ill.), 119; polynya off, 118, 119, 120 



Graptolite Island, 374 



Grass, Antarctic, 343, 363 



Grazing, methods, 228; resources, Arctic, 



Great Britain. See Britain 

 Great Siberian Polynya, 118, 120 

 Greely, A. W., 46, 135, 254, 322 

 Greenland, 49; anticyclones from, 49; 

 as archeological field, 180; coloniza- 

 tion of western, 212; Cretaceous 

 rocks, 67; culture problems, 184; 

 Danish sovereignty, 235; Danish 

 survej', 175; Eskimo peopling of, 

 175; ice cap, need of study, 69; ice- 



