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of the ocean there is uranium we might recover sometime when we 

 need it ? 



Mr. Joseph. There certainly is, but I think in this case we have not 

 done nearly enough exploratory work to define any deposits, or even 

 characterize them. We have measured uranium in manganese nodules 

 and other areas. 



Mr. Pelly. If it is there, we ought to find out about it. We will need 



Mr. Joseph. I agree. We simply cannot — do not know enough about 



the ocean floor to say how much is there, but I would agree 



rights to the ocean floor to the United Nations at this time because of 

 our own need for such materials ? 



Mr. Pelly. Is there a scarcity of uranium now available to us in 

 the foreseeable future so that we might be wise not to turn over any 

 in the deep layers of the sea, so we know uranium is there. 



We are increasing radium and radon in order to measure ditfusion 

 it. Is that correct ? 



Mr. Joseph. I think so. 



Mr. Pelly. Thank you. 



Mr. Lennon. The gentleman from Virginia for 3 minutes. 



Mr. Downing. I have no questions. 



Mr. Lennon. Mr. Keith, for 3 minutes. 



Mr. Keith. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. 



I note in here that you talk about farming of the sea. Perhaps you 

 heard some of the discussion yesterday about the possibility of zoning 

 the seabed, particularly within the Continental Shelf,' excluding 

 further mineral exploration in an effort to have this research concen- 

 trated in areas which obviously would not be harmful to our fishing 

 interests. I would appreciate it if you Avould comment on the wisdom 

 of such a zoning proposal. 



Mr. Joseph. In my statement, I referred to our basic food web 

 studies, which I think are basic to many considerations, pollution, con- 

 tamination, as well as controlling marine resources per se. 



When it comes to zoning-, we have to think, in dealing with isotopes, 

 more in terms of a water-limited area, an embayment or a creekbed or 

 something like this, adjoining the ocean. 



Otherwise, if we are in an area where you have direct flux with the 

 open ocean environment, you have more or less lost your control. 



There are places, though which may be fenced off — I know of one 

 experiment where a genetically developed fast-growing breed of salm- 

 on developed by Dr. Donaldson on the west coast have been put in 

 a fjord in Norwegian waters and are apparently thriving. 



But from the point of view of controlling the nutrients and other 

 things that are necessary to sea farming, I think we have to clo a lot 

 more work toward understanding the situation before we can adopt it. 



Mr. Keith. Would you see any need for a marine resources study 

 concerned primarily with setting aside certain areas for certain uses ? 



Mr. Joseph. I think so. It is a matter of degree. We are in that situ- 

 ation now, where we are more or less committing shorelines and off- 

 shore waters to new uses. 



Mr. Keith. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. 



Mr. Lennon. Thank you, Mr. Keith. 



The gentleman from California? 



Mr. Hanna. I have no questions. 



Mr. Lennon. Mr. Reinecke. 



